Courses Page
Natural Science (NSC) 150
Biology (BIOL) 152
Mathematics and Computer Science (MATH) 159
Chemistry (CHEM) 167
Geology and Environmental Science (GEOL) 171
Physical Science (PHSC) 172
Physics and Astronomy.(PHYS) 173
Degrees and Majors
Bachelor of Science with Majors in:
Biology (Liberal Arts) 151
Biology (Preprofessional) 152
Biology (Recombinant Gene
Technology) 152
Chemistry (Comprehensive Option) 165
Chemistry (Preprofessional Option) 165
Chemistry (Pharmacy Option) 166
Chemistry (Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology Option) 165
Comprehensive Mathematics 157
Computer Science/Mathematics 157
Mathematics 158
Bachelor of Science in Computer Information Systems 158
Bachelor of Science in Education with Certifications in: Biology 9- Adult 167
Chemistry 9-12 167
General Science 5-9, 5-Adult 167
Mathematics 5-9, 5-Adult 158
Bachelor of Science in Environmental Geosciences 170
Minors, Emphases, and Other Programs
Biology 152
Biometrics 158
Chemistry 167
Computer Science 158
Geology 170
Mathematics 158
Physics 173
Premedicine and Predentistry 150
Preactuarial Science 158
Statistics 158
THE DIVISION OF NATURAL SCIENCES includes the Department of Biology, page 151; the Department of Mathematics (mathematics and computer science), page 156; the Department of Physical Sciences (chemistry, geology and environmental science, physics, and physical science), page 164; and courses in the Natural Sciences, page 150.
In addition to the Bachelor of Science degree, the Division offers a Bachelor of Science in Environmental Geosciences, a Bachelor of Science in Education, a Bachelor of Science in Computer Information Systems, and 3+1 programs affiliated with health science institutions leading to degrees in chemistry with an emphasis in pharmacy or clinical laboratory science/medical technology.
Preprofessional studies in medicine and dentistry (page 150) may be combined with any of the Bachelor of Science programs.
The Bachelor of Science in Education – General Science 5-9 and 5-Adult
The degree of Bachelor of Science in Education, with certification to teach General Science, requires successful completion of 128 semester hours including (1) the Program of General Studies (pages 53-56); (2) the Professional Education Component (pages 81-83); and (3) the requirements associated with the following certifications:
Certification for Grades 5-Adult (page 97).
Students may complete a single specialization in General Science 5-Adult; however, it is highly recommended that this specialization be combined with at least one of the specializations described under the Bachelor of Science in Education, section III (page149 ).
The University residence requirement (page 34) can be satisfied by completing 9 hours of science course work for the certification at the 200 level or higher at Concord.
Certification for Grades 5-9 (page 96).
Students may combine a subject specialization in General Science 5-9 with either (1) the Elementary K-6 program (page 86); (2) a specialization for grades 9-Adult (page 97); or (3) a specialization for grades 5-Adult (page 97). The University residency requirement may be satisfied by completing NSC 414 A, B (3 hrs) and 5 hours of lower-division coursework in the general science 5-9 certification.
Natural Sciences Courses (NSC)
300C Biogeography. (3)
Prerequisites: Biol 102 and either Biol 101 or Geol 101 or consent of instructor.
Geologic and geographic development of the Appalachian Mountains and their floral and faunal communities. May be used as a Biology elective.
300D Science and Religion. (3)
Prerequisites: Two laboratory science courses or consent of instructor.
Science in relation to diverse world views. A comparative study in the history and philosophy of science and religion.
414A Special Methods in the Teaching of the Natural Sciences. (2)
Prerequisites: EDUC 306 or permission of instructor; EDUC 310 recommended.
Observation, discussion, and participation are utilized in order to provide prospective teachers a working knowledge of appropriate methods and media for teaching concepts and laboratory techniques and phenomena of the various areas of the natural sciences. (F)
414B Middle Level Science Education. (1)
Prerequisites: Concurrent or prior registration in Natural Sciences 414A.
Practical field experience and instruction in the teaching of science at the middle level. (F)
414C Secondary Level Science Education. (1)
Prerequisites: Concurrent or prior registration in Natural Sciences 414A.
Practical field experience and instruction in the teaching of science at the secondary level. (F)
Premedicine and Predentistry
Students who plan to study medicine or dentistry should complete the Bachelor of Science degree, with a major in biology, chemistry, or mathematics, and they should complete the following courses in order to enhance their chances for acceptance into medical school: BIOL 101, 102, 202, 302, 401; CHEM 101, 102, 107, 331, 332, 341; PHYS 101 or 201, 102 or 202; MATH 103, 104, 250.
Department of Biology
Programs in the Department of Biology are designed to help prepare students for graduate school and careers in biology education, health care, and biotechnology. For each of these careers there is a need to understand the explanatory principles of biology and basic methods of biological investigation. The combination of core and elective courses facilitates the preparation of students entering post-bacheloriate degree programs or the job market.
Students choosing their work in biology may pursue (1) the Bachelor of Science degree with a biology (preprofessional) major, (2) the Bachelor of Science degree with a biology (liberal arts) major, (3) the Bachelor of Science degree with a biology (recombinant gene technology) major or (4) the Bachelor of Science in Education degree.
The preprofessional major is designed for students planning on going to medical school or pursuing a career in another health related area and for students interested in graduate school or other preprofessional programs. The liberal arts major is intended for students who are interested in field-oriented biology, such as natural history, fish and game, national and state parks and refuges, etc., or in other areas with more emphasis on organismal biology. The area of emphasis in recombinant gene technology (RGT) will allow students to gain experience and knowledge in the rapidly growing fields of molecular biology, biotechnology, bioinformatics, and genetics. Students successfully completing the program will be prepared for graduate studies in molecular biology and genetics, forensic science, or employment as a research technician.
A minor field in biology is available for students who are majoring in other disciplines.
A student must earn a grade point average of 2.00 (C) in all courses required for the major or minor. Other courses taken in the Department will be included in the average. The teaching certification in biology requires a 2.50 grade point average.
The Bachelor of Science
The degree of Bachelor of Science, with a major in biology, requires successful completion of 128 semester hours including (1) the Program of General Studies (six hours of foreign language is recommended); (2) one of the biology programs listed below; and (3) a program of electives or a minor as worked out with the student’s adviser; recommended minors include chemistry, geology, physics, psychology, mathematics, computer science, or statistics.
MAJOR IN BIOLOGY (LIBERAL ARTS) — 71-77 HOURS
•32 hours in biology—BIOL 101, 102, 201, 202, 301, 302, 372, 401, 451;
•12 hours in chemistry—CHEM 101, 102, 107, 331, 332 (recommended);
•8 hours in physics—PHYS 101 or 201, 102 or 202;
•3-9 hours in mathematics—MATH 103*, 104*, and 105, (250 recommended);
•16 hours of science electives (at least 8 hours in biology; NSC 300C may be substituted for three of these hours).
MAJOR IN BIOLOGY (PREPROFESSIONAL) — 69-78 HOURS
•36 hours in biology—BIOL 101, 102, 201, 202, 301, 302; one of the following: 235, 237; or 330, 372, 401, 451;
•19 hours in chemistry—CHEM 101, 102, 107, 331, 332, 341;
•8 hours in physics—PHYS 101 or 201, 102 or 202;
•7-13 hours in mathematics—MATH 103*, 104*, 105, and 250;
•10 hours of science electives (at least 6 hours in biology; NSC 300C may be substituted for three of these hours).
MAJOR IN BIOLOGY (RECOMBINANT GENE TECHNOLOGY) —84-90 HOURS
•40 hours in biology– BIOL 101, 102, 201, 202, 301, 302, 330, 372, 401, 420 (recommended), 430, 451;
•19 hours in chemistry– CHEM 101, 102, 107, 331, 332, 341;
•8 hours in physics– PHYS 101 or 201, 102 or 202;
•7-13 hours in mathematics– MATH 103*, 104*, 105, and 250;
•10 hours in science electives (at least 6 hours in biology; NSC 300 may be substituted for three of these hours).
•RGT students should begin the sequence of courses in biology (BIOL 101) and chemistry (CHEM 101) their first semester in order to complete prerequisites and avoid later conflicts in scheduling and completion of the program in four years.
•Science electives for each program may come from courses listed under Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Geology, Mathematics (course numbers 200 and higher), Natural Science 300C or D, Geography 300, or Psychology 370 and/or 402.
*Math 103 and/or 104 will be waived for those students establishing “equivalent proficiency” as defined by the Department of Mathematics (Math ACT 25 or 28, see page 156).
Minor in Biology
20 hours in biology – BIOL 101, 102, and twelve additional hours in Biology. Geography 300, Psychology 370, Psychology 402, Natural Science 300C or Natural Science 300D may be substituted for three of these hours.
The Bachelor of Science in Education
The degree of Bachelor of Science in Education, with certification to teach biology, requires successful completion of 128 semester hours, including (1) the Program of General Studies; (2) the Professional Education Component; and (3) the requirements associated with the Biological Sciences 9-Adult content specialization (pages 97-98). Students completing this certification are encouraged to complete an additional teaching field in General Science.
Biology Courses (BIOL)
Note: All four hour biology courses except BIOL 201 may be taken for General Studies Lab Science credit; BIOL 101 and 102 are specifically designed for a broad audience. Students with math ACT scores of 18 or below are strongly encouraged to complete MATH 090 before taking any lab science courses.
101 General Biology I. (4)
Introduction to scientific methodology and critical thinking in science; cellular structure, function, and metabolic pathways; plant anatomy and physiology; human anatomy and physiology. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory. (F)
102 General Biology II. (4)
Prerequisite: BIOL 101 recommended but not required.
Cell division; Mendelian inheritance patterns; human genetics; information flow (replication, transcription, translation) within cells; biotechnology with legal and ethical implications; evolution; taxonomy of organisms; ecology. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory. (S)
201 Ecology and Field Methods. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101, 102; Math 103 (or equivalent proficiency).
Taxonomy, ecological principles, major terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, fundamentals of human ecology, quantitative field study techniques. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory. This course cannot be used to fulfill a General Studies requirement. (F)
202 Animals as Organisms. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101; BIOL 102 or permission of instructor; CHEM 101.
Form, function, behavior, development, and classification in the major animal groups. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory. (S)
215 Medicinal Plants and Ethnobotany. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101, 102, or consent of instructor.
The use of plants as medicines, poisons, and hallucinogens that provide the basis for modern medicine and pharmacology. Examines the interactions of plants and traditional peoples. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory. (S–odd years)
225 Special Topics. (1-5)
Prerequisites: Specified by instructor.
Courses in diverse areas of biology. Specific topics to be announced and indicated by appropriate title on transcript. May be taken for credit repeatedly.
230 Ornithology. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101, 102, or consent of instructor.
Anatomy, taxonomy, evolution, biogeography, flight, migration, behavior, reproduction, and field identification of birds. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory. (S – odd years)
231 Herpetology. (3)
Prerequisite: BIOL 101, 102, or consent of instructor.
Anatomy, taxonomy, evolution, life history, biogeography, physiology, and identification of amphibians and reptiles. Two hours lecture, two hours laboratory.
234 Human Anatomy and Physiology I. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101 and 102. Not open to biology majors; cannot be used to satisfy requirements in biology program.
Structure and function of cells and tissues. Anatomy and physiology of the human integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, and endocrine systems. Relationship of homeostasis to health. Laboratory includes applied physiology exercises as well as essential macroscopic and microscopic anatomy. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory. (F)
235 Human Anatomy and Physiology I. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101 and 102. Open to biology majors only.
Structure and function of cells and tissues. Anatomy and physiology of the human integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, and endocrine systems. Relationship of homeostasis to health. Laboratory includes detailed study of macrosopic and microscopic anatomy as well as physiology activities and case studies. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory. (F)
236 Human Anatomy and Physiology II. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101 and 102. BIOL 234 recommended but not required. Not open to biology majors; cannot be used to satisfy requirements in biology program.
Anatomy and physiology of the human respiratory, lymphatic, immune, cardiovascular, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems. Relationship of homeostasis to health. Laboratory includes applied physiology exercises as well as essential macroscopic and microscopic anatomy. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory. (S)
237 Human Anatomy and Physiology II. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101 and 102. BIOL 235 recommended but not required. Open to biology majors only.
Anatomy and physiology of the human respiratory, lymphatic, immune, cardiovascular, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems. Relationship of homeostasis to health. Laboratory includes detailed study of macroscopic and microscopic anatomy as well as physiology activities and case studies. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory. (S)
240 Parasitology. (4)
Prerequisite: BIOL 101.
General principles of parasitology, including morphology and life histories of animal parasites. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory.
260 Local Flora. (Prerequisites: BIOL 101, 102, or consent of instructor.
Principles of identifying, classifying, naming, and preserving plants, with emphasis on the local flora. Two hours lecture, three hours laboratory. (S–even years)
270 Aquatic Biology. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 102 and 102; BIOL 201 and CHEM 101 recommended.
Ecology, chemistry, and hydrology of lakes, streams, and wetlands. Issues such as eutrophication, acid mine drainage, and fisheries management are discussed. Laboratory focuses on providing practical experience in methods and equipment used by aquatic biologists. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory. (S–even years)
301 Plants as Organisms. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101, 102; CHEM 101, 102, 107; Junior standing or higher
Form and function in the major plant groups, with emphasis on evolutionary trends. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory. (F)
302 Cell and Molecular Biology. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101, 102; BIOL 301 or permission of instructor; CHEM 101, 102, 107; Junior standing or higher.
Biology, chemistry, and physics of living systems at the cellular and molecular levels. Emphasis is placed on eukaryotic cellular biology. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory. (S)
330 Microbiology. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101, 102; CHEM 331 previously or concurrently.
The biology of micro-organisms and of the immune system, applied microbiology, and basic laboratory procedures. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory. (Fall-odd years)
360 Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy. (4)
Prerequisite: BIOL 202 or consent of instructor.
Anatomy of the chordates as related to evolution and function. Two hours lecture, three hours laboratory.
370 Evolution. (3)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101, 102, and Math 103 (or equivalent proficiency) required; BIOL 201 recommended.
Evolutionary biology, with an emphasis on current areas of research in the field. Systematics, population genetics, speciation, adaptation, and related topics. History of life on Earth and evolutionary trends through time. (F)
372 Introduction to Research. (3)
Prerequisites: BIOL 201 and Junior standing.
The nature of science and scientific research, research design, analysis of research reports, philosophy and ethics of scientific investigations. (S)
373 Research. (3)
Prerequisite: BIOL 372 or permission of instructor.
Part I of a two-semester research project consisting of literature review, preparation of a research proposal, completion of original research, and presentation of oral and written research reports, the latter subject to rigorous editing. Publication of the results of outstanding projects is encouraged. A grade for this course is not given until completion of BIOL 374. (F, S)
374 Research. (3)
Completion of work begun in BIOL 373. (F, S)
401 Genetics. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101, 102, 302; CHEM 331; MATH 105 (250 recommended)
Mendelian, cytological, microbial, molecular, and population genetics. Includes the human genome project, bioinformatics, and the legal and ethical considerations of public genetic information. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory. (F)
420 Immunology. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101, 302; CHEM 331, or consent of instructor.
Immunochemistry of antigens and antibodies, serological reactions, chemistry of complement, control of immunity, and the host immune response. Lab will consist of serological and immunobiological techniques. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory. (F–even years)
425 Special Topics. (1-5)
Prerequisites: To be specified by instructor.
Courses in diverse areas of biology. Specific topics to be announced and indicated by appropriate title on transcript. May be taken for credit repeatedly.
430 Recombinant Gene Technology. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 302, CHEM 331, 332, PHYS 101 or 201, 102 or 202
Emphasis on the experimental approach to techniques in molecular biology. Techniques include: DNA isolation, cloning, sequencing, nucleic acid and protein hybridizations, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and expression and detection of recombinant proteins. Application of these techniques in genetics, cell biology, medicine, and biochemistry will be discussed. A five-week independent research project is required. Two hours lecture, six hours laboratory. (S)
451 Biology Seminar. (1)
Prerequisite: BIOL 302; BIOL 401 (or concurrently); Senior standing.
A seminar emphasizing design of a scientific talk for presentation in a public forum. Each student presents a current primary scientific paper and answers oral questions related to the topic. Class participation is mandatory. Some seminars are presented by outside speakers; visitors are welcome. At the end of the course, a biology field test is administered. (F)
480-481 Honors Courses. (3, 3)
Juniors and seniors who qualify for Honors Courses are offered the opportunity to study with individual members of the faculty. This is specialized study apart from conventional classroom work. Interested students should contact biology faculty for further information. (F, S)
Department of Mathematics
Programs offered by the Department of Mathematics are designed to prepare students for mathematics and computer science related vocations—including the teaching of mathematics and computer science. The programs also prepare the student for graduate study in these subject areas.
The Department of Mathematics offers the following options: (I) the Bachelor of Science degree program with (a) a Comprehensive Mathematics major, (b) a Computer Science major, and (c) a Mathematics major with a minor; (II) the Computer Information Systems degree program; and (III) the Bachelor of Science in Education degree program with certification specializations for (a) grades 5-9 and (b) grades 5-Adult. Student programs are planned in consultation with an adviser from the Department of Mathematics.
Minors for non-education degree programs are offered in Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science. Formal recognition is given to students who successfully supplement a degree program with an emphasis in Preactuarial Science or Biometrics.
Students electing one of the programs of this Department must have at least one unit in high school geometry. A deficiency in high school geometry may be removed by successful completion of MATH 200, Introductory Geometry.
An overall grade point average of 2.00 (C) or higher in all required courses is needed for successful completion of any of the programs, including minors. For non-educational programs, grades obtained in MATH 101, 110, 305, and 414 cannot be used to meet this minimal 2.00 grade point average requirement. The math education certifications require a 2.50 grade point average. Majors are required to take an assessment test during the senior year.
Mathematics Placement
Students may not enroll in a mathematics course for credit towards graduation unless a minimum score of 19 is earned on the mathematics section of the Enhanced ACT test, or a minimum score of 460 on the quantitative portion of the Recentered SAT. Students not meeting these minimal requirements must successfully complete the developmental program consisting of MATH 090 and/or 091 with a C or higher. Students will be allowed to register for mathematics courses based on their ACT/SAT mathematics scores. The cutoffs are the following:
Course: ACT* SAT*
Math 101 General Mathematics19 460
Math 103 College Algebra (with 2 hour/week required recitation) 19 460
Math 103 College Algebra 23 540
Math 104 College Trigonometry 25 580
Math 105 Elementary Statistics 25 580
Math 200 Introductory Geometry 23 540
Math 201 Intro to Computer Programming 19 460
Math 250 Calculus I 28 630
*Minimum test score required for placement
COMPASS Test:
Students wishing to enroll in Math 103 (without a required recitation section) or Math 200 with a mathematics ACT score of 22 or less have the option of taking the COMPASS test administered by the Department of Mathematics. A minimum scaled score of 63 on the prealgebra test and a minimum scaled score of 38 on the algebra test are both required. A student may also challenge an ACT math score of 18 or below in order to be admitted to Math 101 or higher; a minimum scaled score of 59 on the prealgebra test and a 36 on the algebra test qualify for placement in Math 101, Math 103 (with recitation), and Math 201. Students are allowed to take this test once during a 4-year period.
Equivalent Proficiency for MATH 103 and 104
Students who achieved a mathematics ACT score of 25 or higher may have MATH 103 waived as a course prerequisite and as a program requirement for degrees in science and mathematics. Students who achieved a mathematics ACT score of 28 or higher may also have MATH 104 waived as a course prerequisite and program requirement for degrees in science and mathematics.
The Bachelor of Science
The degree of Bachelor of Science with a major in mathematics requires successful completion of 128 semester hours, including (1) the Program of General Studies (pages 53-56) which must include six hours of one foreign language; (2) one of the mathematics programs listed below; (3) a minor (where required); and (4) a program of electives.
Majors in Mathematics
COMPREHENSIVE MATHEMATICS— 52-58 HOURS*
MATH 103, 104, 201, 220, 250, 251, 252, 303, 307, 309, 310, 320, 451; six other hours from 202 and above excluding 305, 414, 490 and 491; nine other hours selected from 403, 404, 452, 460, 470, and, with consent of chairman, 420. *Recommended: eight hours of physics; six other hours of computer programming.
COMPUTER SCIENCE/MATHEMATICS—60-66 HOURS*
MATH 103, 104, 201, 202, 215, 220, 240, 250, 251, 252, 271, 307, 320, 355, 356, 361, 362, 410, 445, 460; PHYS 319. *Recommended: six hours of statistics. (Note: PHYS 101 or 201, and 102 or 202, or consent of instructor is required for PHYS 319.)
MATHEMATICS—37-43 HOURS*
MATH 103, 104, 201, 250, 251, 252, 303, 307, 309, 310, 320, 451; three hours from 403, 404, 452, 460, 470, and, with consent of chairman, 420.
Recommended: eight hours of physics and three additional hours of computer programming.
(Note: a minor is required—computer science and statistics are acceptable options.)
Minors and Areas of Emphasis in Mathematics
MINOR IN COMPUTER SCIENCE—18 HOURS
MATH 201, 202, 212, 215, 355; three additional hours of mathematics above 104, excluding 305, 414, 490 and 491
Not available for Computer Information Systems or Computer Science.
Mathematics Minors
MINOR IN MATHEMATICS—22-28 HOURS*
MATH 103, 104, 201, 250, 251, 252, 307; three hours from 290 and above, excluding 305, 414, 490 and 491. Not available for Mathematics or Comprehensive Mathematics majors.
MINOR IN STATISTICS—18 HOURS
MATH 105, 303, 320, 404, either 451 or 452, and three hours of computer programming.
AREA OF EMPHASIS IN PREACTUARIAL SCIENCE—25-31 HOURS*
MATH 103, 104, 105, 250, 251, 252, 303, 320, 404.
Note: The student is prepared for preliminary actuarial examinations. (This concentration is included within a mathematics major–statistics minor program.)
*Math 103 and/or 104 will be waived for
those students establishing “equivalent proficiency” as defined by the Department of Mathematics (Math ACT 25 or 28, see page 156).
Area of Emphasis
BIOMETRICS—FOR COMPUTER SCIENCE/MATHEMATICS MAJORS, 18 HOURS
Math 303, 404, 455, 456; Phys 317, 318.
FOR MATHEMATICS MAJORS,—37 HOURS
Math 202, 240, 355, 356, 404, 455, 456, Phys 101, 102, 317, 318, 319.
The Bachelor of Science in Computer Information Systems
The Bachelor of Science in Computer Information Systems requires the successful completion of 128 semester hours, including the Program of General Studies and the following courses: ACCT 207; MGT 305; MKT 305; MATH 103, 104, 105, 201, 202, 212, 215, 220, 250, 271, 356, 361, 430, 490, 491. Recommended: MATH 240, 355, 410, 445.
The Bachelor of Science in Education
The degree of Bachelor of Science in Education, with certification to teach mathematics, requires successful completion of 128 semester hours, including (1) the Program of General Studies, pages 53-56; (2) the Professional Education Component, pages 81-83; and (3) the requirements associated with one of the following certifications:
Certification for Grades 5-9
Students may combine a middle school program in Mathematics 5-9 (page 92) with (1) the Elementary Education Program (page 86); or (2) a specialization for grades 5-9 (page 92); or (3) a specialization for grades 5-Adult (page 93).
Certification for Grades 5-Adult (page 90)
Students may complete a single field in Mathematics 5-Adult; however, it is highly recommended that this field be combined with at least one other field.
**Math 103 and/or 104 will be waived for those students establishing “equivalent proficiency” as defined by the Department of Mathematics (Math ACT 25 or 28, see page 156).
Mathematics Courses (MATH)
090 Basic Mathematics. (3)
A beginning course in mathematics focusing on operations with whole numbers, fractions, decimals, proportions, percents, and the real number system; solving equations and problems; basic geometry; and graphing linear equations by the slope-intercept, point-slope, and x and y intercept methods. Grade of C or better required. (Non-graduation credit) (F, S)
091 Basic Algebra. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 090, if indicated by diagnostic testing.
An introduction to basic algebra skills, including solving equations, systems of equations, and equalities; fractional expressions; exponents, powers, and roots; quadratic equations and functions; and geometry skills, including formulas for distance, slope, and midpoint. This course serves as a prerequisite for Math 101, 103, and 201 for students with math ACT scores less than 19. Students with math ACT scores of 19-22, or those who have not had high-school mathematics for several years may wish to consider taking this course as an algebra refresher prior to taking Math 103. Grade of C or better required. (Non-graduation credit) (F, S)
101 General Mathematics. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 091, or Math ACT 19+, or qualifying COMPASS score.
A survey course including selected topics from problem solving, set theory, consumer math, and algebra. (F, S)
103 College Algebra. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 091, or Math ACT 23+, or qualifying COMPASS score. Students with Math ACT 19-22 and non-qualifying COMPASS score must enroll for a 2 hour/week noncredit recitation section (103R) or complete MATH 091 as a prerequisite.
Polynomial, rational, exponential, and logarithmic functions. Graphing functions, operations with matrices, sequences, series, permutations and combinations included. Enrollment in a recitation section (103R) is optional for students with ACT scores 23 or higher and those who have completed Math 091. 3 hours lecture, 2 hours recitation. (F, S)
104 College Trigonometry. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 103 or Math ACT 25+.
Circular functions, trigonometric identities, applications to triangles, complex numbers. (F, S)
105 Elementary Statistics. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 103 or Math ACT 25+.
Descriptive statistics, introduction to sampling statistics, hypothesis testing, correlation and regression, analysis of variance, and related topics. (F, S)
110 Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 101 and 103 with a grade of C or better.
This course is designed for prospective early and middle childhood teachers and includes the study of sets, relations, numeration systems, elementary theory, and the structure of the real number system. This course will include 10 or more hours of classroom observation. A grade of C or better is necessary for teacher certification programs requiring this course. (F, S)
200 Introductory Geometry. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 101 or 103, or Math ACT 23+, or qualifying COMPASS score.
Includes fundamental concepts of elementary geometry, points, lines, space, separation, simple closed curves. (S)
201 Introduction to Computer Programming I. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 091, or Math ACT of 19+, or qualifying COMPASS score; MATH 103 recommended.
Fundamental characteristics and properties of computer languages, algorithmic methods of solving problems on the computer. Pascal programming language is taught and used. (F, S)
202 Introduction to Computer Programming II. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 201 with a grade of C or better.
Continuation of MATH 201. Grade of C or better required. (F, S)
212 Cobol. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 201.
Basic characteristics and properties of computers and applications to business. (F)
215 Assembly Language Programming. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 201 with a grade of C or better.
An introduction to machine language and assembly language. Symbolic coding, addressing techniques, and operation of assemblers are included. (F)
220 Discrete Mathematics. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 103 and 201.
Topics include the study of functions and relations, graphs and trees, combinatorics, sets, analysis of algorithms, and formal logic. (S)
240 Programming in C++. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 202.
Advanced programming techniques using C++ object-oriented programming language. Topics include the underlying C language, the use of objects (abstract and concrete classes, class interfaces, and class templates), dynamic storage structures, and an introduction to software engineering frameworks using the C++ language. (S)
250 Calculus with Analytic Geometry I. (4)
Prerequisites: MATH 103 and 104, or Math ACT of 28 or higher.
An introduction to differential calculus, including the necessary techniques of inequalities, sets, relations, and analytic geometry. Limits, continuity, and differentiation of algebraic functions. Some applications of differentiation. (F, S)
251 Calculus with Analytic Geometry II. (4)
Prerequisite: MATH 250.
A study of the definite and indefinite integrals, elements of analytic geometry to include: conic sections, polar coordinates, and vectors in two and three dimensions. (F, S)
252 Calculus with Analytic Geometry III. (4)
Prerequisite: MATH 251.
Techniques and applications of integration, vectors in three-dimensional analytic geometry. Elements of infinite series and multiple integration. Introduction to differential equations. (F, S)
260 Number Theory. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 103 or consent of instructor.
Includes numeration systems, primes, divisibility, factorization, indeterminate problems, diophantine equations, and analysis of congruences. (Fall-odd years)
271 Computer Organization
and Hardware. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 215.
Organization of computers in terms of input-output, memory, control and processing units. Representation of data, machine arithmetic instruction formats, basic mechanical and electronic characteristics of computers included, as well as storage devices, control and processing units and computer networks. (S)
275 Special Topics in Computer Science. (1-2)
A series of 1-credit, 5-week or 2-credit 10 week mini-courses in topics related to computer science.
290 History of Mathematics. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 103 or consent of instructor.
A survey of the development of mathematics from prehistoric times to the present, with emphasis on the mathematical theories and techniques of each period, with their historical evolution. (Fall-even years)
303 Mathematical Probability and Statistics I. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 105 (or consent of instructor), and MATH 252.
Includes distributions of random variables, conditional probability, correlation coefficient, selected distributions, and interval estimation. (S)
305 Mathematics for the Public Schools. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 110 or 220 and 60 semester hours previously earned.
A study of techniques appropriate for the teaching of mathematics. Student projects and 10 or more hours of classroom observation may be required. Grade of C (or better) necessary for teacher certification program when course is required. (F, S)
307 Introduction to Abstract Algebra. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 103.
Includes symbolic logic, sets, structure of number systems, introduction to group theory, survey of algebra and proofs of theorems. (F)
309 College Geometry. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 250.
A careful treatment of Euclidean and non-Euclidean geometries with emphasis on a transformational point of view. (S)
310 Abstract Algebra. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 307.
A reasonably careful treatment of the structure of algebra, sets, relations, functions, with primary emphasis on group theory, rings, integral domains, and fields. (S)
320 Linear Algebra. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 307.
Techniques in solving systems of linear equations employing the concepts of linear transformations, matrices and determinants. Other topics covered include vector spaces and eigenvalue theory. (S)
340 Mathematical Explorations. (1)
Prerequisite: MATH 250 or consent of instructor.
Interesting but non-routine problems will be considered, especially those solvable with simple methods. May be repeated up to four times. (F, S)
355 Data Structures. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 240.
Implementation of abstract data types, stacks, linear and circular lists, queues, trees, hashing functions, memory management, sorting, and searching algorithms. (F)
356 Data Base Management. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 202.
Design, evaluation, and use of data base systems. Topics include file organization and maintenance, information retrieval, query languages, security and the relational, hierarchical, and network approaches to data base management. (S)
361 Operating Systems. (3)
Prerequisites: MATH 202 and 271.
Introduction to software organization for program, storage, and process management. Topics include concurrent processes, virtual memory, placement, and scheduling algorithms. (F)
362 Programming Languages and Translators. (3)
Prerequisites: MATH 220, 307, and 355.
Formal definitions of programming languages, including specifics of syntax and semantics. Includes introduction to design, structure, and use of translators for programming languages, and related automata theory topics. (S)
403 Applied Mathematics. (3)
Prerequisites: MATH 252 and 320.
Topics include solving linear and nonlinear differential equations, systems of linear differential equations, fundamental existence theorems, numerical solutions, and the use of Laplace transforms. (Fall of even years)
404 Mathematical Probability and Statistics II. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 303.
Continuation of MATH 303. Includes introduction to limiting distributions, hypothesis testing, sufficient statistics, analysis of variance and non-parametric statistics. (F)
410 Software Engineering. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 355.
An introduction to rigorous frameworks for the engineering of software systems. Several engineering frameworks are examined, with discussion on the offerings and limitations of each approach. A relatively modern and futuristic view of software engineering serves as the basis for developmental projects in the course. (S)
414 Special Methods in the Teaching of Mathematics. (2)
Prerequisites: MATH 305 and consent of instructor.
Observation (10 or more hours), methods, and media appropriate to the teaching of mathematics. (F)
420 Special Topics. (3)
Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.
Extended study beyond introductory courses in number theory, abstract algebra, geometry, topology, complex variables, or other topics of interest.
430 Microcomputer System Design. (3)
Prerequisites: MATH 356. Corequisite: Math 361
Information and systems concepts, and management of information processing. (F)
445 Distributed Processing and Networks. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 361.
Introduction to distributed processes, its advantages and disadvantages relative to microcomputerization of information processing. (S)
451 Advanced Calculus. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 252 and 320.
Utilizes the concepts of limit points and cluster points in the study of functions of one variable. Properties of continuous and differential functions. Riemann and Darboux integration, and sequences and series of functions are discussed. (F)
452 Real Analysis. (3)
Prerequisite: MATH 252 and 320.
The study of metric and Banach spaces; integration theory including Riemann, Lebesgue, and Stieltjes integrals; and functional analysis. (Spring of odd years)
455 Image Processing. (3)
Prerequisites: Math 202, 303, 320; Phys 317
Development of the standard topics of image processing including image enhancement in spatial and frequency domains, filtering, wavelets and multiresolution processing, image compression and segmentation with an emphasis on their mathematical foundations. (F)
456 Biometrics. (3)
Prerequisites: Math 455; Phys 318
An introduction to biometrics algorithms including methods for fingerprint recognition, iris recognition, facial recognition and speaker verification. Primary emphasis is on mathematical foundations of algorithms, but lectures will include testing of biometric systems and legal and privacy issues. (S)
460 Numerical Analysis. (3)
Prerequisites: MATH 201, 252, and 320.
Solutions of problems by numerical methods. Includes error analysis, polynomial approximations, numerical integration, and differentiation. (F)
470 Independent Study. (1-6)
Prerequisites: More than 11 hours in mathematics courses numbered 300 or above. Application must be made and approved by a committee before the student can register for independent study.
Students work on mathematical problems outside the scope of normal courses under minimal supervision. Student must give an oral presentation and a written summary of project. (F, S)
480 & 481 Honors Courses. (3, 3)
Juniors and seniors who qualify for Honors Courses are offered the opportunity to study with individual members of the faculty. This is specialized study apart from conventional classroom work. Application must be made and approved by a committee before the student can register for the honors course. (F, S)
490 & 491 Practicum I & II. (3, 3)
Prerequisites: Mathematics or Computer Information Systems major with junior or senior standing and consent of instructor.
Field experience in data processing environments. Provides opportunity to relate principles to practical applications in the computer and/or computer information-processing fields. Student must submit a written report. (F, S)
Department of Physical Sciences
The Department offers degree programs in chemistry and environmental geosciences, as well as coursework in chemistry, geology, physical science, and physics. Minor programs are available in chemistry, geology, and physics. 3+1 agreements exist for programs in pharmacy and clinical laboratory science, which allow the student to attend Concord for three years and an off-campus School of Pharmacy or Medical Technology for the fourth year.
The mission of the Department is to provide course work and degree programs that enable the student to understand the fundamental principles of disciplines in the physical sciences, to develop an attitude of scientific objectivity and inquiry, and to acquire quantitative laboratory and field skills appropriate to scientific investigation. The Department operates the Concord University observatory for optical astronomy, maintains numerous laboratories for teaching and research, and provides an opportunity to study geology in the field using the ideal setting of southern West Virginia and research-grade geophysical instrumentation.
The student must earn a GPA of 2.00 (C) or higher in all courses required for most majors and all minors in the Department. Science education programs in Chemistry 9-Adult and General Science 5-9 and 5-Adult are administered by the Department and require a GPA of 2.50 or higher, with no grades in required courses less than a C. The Major in Chemistry (Pharmacy Option) 3+1 program expects a GPA of 3.25 with no grades in required courses less than a C.
Chemistry
Students choosing a major in chemistry may pursue either: (I) the Bachelor of Science degree with a chemistry (comprehensive option) major, a program designed for the preparation of professional chemists; (II) the Bachelor of Science degree with a chemistry (preprofessional option) major, a program designed for those who wish to pursue a health-related profession such as medicine, pharmacy, or dentistry; (III) the Bachelor of Science degree with a chemistry (pharmacy option) major, a 3+1 program joint with the University of Charleston Pharmacy School; (IV) the Bachelor of Science degree with a chemistry (clinical laboratory science option) major, a 3+1 program joint with a hospital-based School of Medical Technology; or (V) the Bachelor of Science in Education degree.
The Bachelor of Science – Chemistry
The degree of Bachelor of Science with a major in chemistry requires successful completion of 128 semester hours, including (1) the Program of General Studies which must include six hours of one foreign language, and (2) one of four chemistry programs: (I) The chemistry comprehensive option, (II) the preprofessional option, (III) the clinical laboratory science option, or (IV) the pharmacy option. In addition to the requirements above, the 3+1 programs in allied health sciences (clinical laboratory science and pharmacy) require completion of a fourth-year, off-campus residency with passing grades as described below.
I. MAJOR IN CHEMISTRY (COMPREHENSIVE OPTION)
39 hours in chemistry—CHEM 101, 102, 107, 210, 220, 331, 332, 351, 352, 401, 402, 413; six hours of 425A-F; 18-24 hours in mathematics—MATH 103*, 104*, 201, 250, 251, 252, and three hours from MATH 202, 215, 303, 320, or PHYS 317***; 10 hours in physics—PHYS 101 or 201**, 102 or 202**, and two or more hours of 300-level or above physics electives.
II. MAJOR IN CHEMISTRY (PREPROFESSIONAL OPTION)
30 hours in chemistry—CHEM 101, 102, 107, 210, 220, 331, 332, 351, 352, six hours of 425A-F; 7-13 hours in mathematics—MATH 103*, 104*, 201, 250; 10 hours in physics—PHYS 101 or 201**, 102 or 202**, and two or more hours of 300-level or above physics electives.
*Math 103 and/or 104 will be waived for those students establishing “equivalent proficiency” as defined by the Department of Mathematics (Math ACT 25 or 28, see p. 152).
**Calculus-based physics recommended if possible
***If PHYS 317 is used as a math elective, it cannot be used as a 300-level physics elective.
3+1 Programs in Allied Health Sciences: Prepharmacy and Medical Technology/Clinical Laboratory Science
Concord University has affiliation arrangements with the University of Charleston School of Pharmacy and the Carilion Medical Center in Roanoke, Va., by which Concord offers a Bachelor of Science degree with majors in: (I) Chemistry (Pharmacy Option), and (II) Chemistry (Clinical Laboratory Science Option). The Pharmacy Option requires completion of 3 years of coursework at Concord followed by the first year of the 4-year Doctor of Pharmacy program on the campus of the University of Charleston (W.Va.). The Clinical Laboratory Science Option requires completion of 3 years of coursework at Concord followed by a one-year residency at a fully accredited hospital School of Medical Technology (Carilion Medical Center, Roanoke, Va. or another accredited and approved program). Additional details on both programs are provided below and students should remain in close contact with a CU chemistry faculty adviser to assure that all program requirements are met, including any possible unpublished changes to both programs that may be required by the external institutions. Admission to both the UC Pharmacy School and accredited Medical Technology programs is highly competitive; students who fail to be admitted will not be eligible for the prepharmacy or Clinical Laboratory Science degree options at Concord. Students should begin the sequence of courses in biology (BIOL 101), chemistry (CHEM 101), and math (MATH 103) their first semester in order to avoid later schedule conflicts and to be ready for their off-campus residency after three years of college.
III. Medical Technology/Clinical Laboratory Science Option
The Bachelor of Science degree with a major in Chemistry (Clinical Laboratory Science Option) allows graduates the opportunity to become nationally certified Medical Technologists (MT) by the Board of Registry of the American Society for Clinical Pathology. The program requires off-campus study at an accredited teaching hospital during the fourth year. Career information can be found at www.ascp.org/bor/medlab/careers.
This degree is not for aspiring Medical Lab Technicians (MLT), who will usually attend programs at 2-year colleges. Students interested in clinical laboratory science will take three years (98 semester hours) of academic work at Concord and apply for competitive admission to a twelve-month internship in residence (the fourth year) at a hospital-based School of Medical Technology. Applicants are selected by the hospital for admission to the professional curriculum based upon the student’s academic record, an interview with the hospital personnel, and letters of reference. Registration for courses taken during the professional clinical year will occur at the hospital. Concord University does not charge tuition or fees during this clinical year; however, students usually pay a fee and/or tuition to the hospital for these hospital-based courses.
Students are not required to complete their fourth-year internship at Roanoke, but may instead apply to any other fully accredited hospital School of Medical Technology. If accepted, arrangements can be made to accept that hospital’s course credits at Concord University.
The Bachelor of Science with a Major in Chemistry (Clinical Laboratory Science Option)
This degree program requires successful completion of 128 semester hours, including: (1) the Program of General Studies; (2) the 48-49-hour program of courses listed below; and (3) a fourth year, off-campus medical technology internship (MDTH 450; 30 hours in two semesters).
MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY/CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE PROGRAM
42-43 hours in chemistry and biology – CHEM 101, 102, 107, 210, 220 or 425D, 331, 332 or 341, 351, 425A; BIOL 101; BIOL/CHEM 302; BIOL 330, 401, 420; 3-9 hours in mathematics – MATH 103*, 104*, 105. Useful but not required electives could be chosen from BIOL 234 or 235, BIOL 240, PHYS 101, 102 or 201, 202, CHEM 425E or 425F.
IV. Pharmacy Option
The Bachelor of Science degree with a major in Chemistry (Pharmacy Option) allows graduates the opportunity to receive a B.S. degree from Concord after completing the first year of the 4-year Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) program at the University of Charleston. Students interested in this option will take three years (98 semester hours) of academic work at Concord and then apply for competitive admission to the Pharm.D. program at the University of Charleston. Students interested in this program are encouraged to have ACT or SAT scores of 24 or 1100, a high school GPA of 3.0/4.0, and a high school class rank in the top 25%. In order to maximize potential for acceptance into the UC program, students should attain at least a 3.25 GPA in all college-level courses required for the program with no grade less than a C. Students are further encouraged to show evidence of scholarly and extracurricular activities, community and campus activism, and a desire to become a pharmacist.
Registration and tuition for courses taken during the fourth year, off-campus residency in Pharmacy School will occur at the University of Charleston; Concord University does not charge tuition or fees during the fourth year. Pharmacy Option students should begin the sequence of courses in biology (BIOL 101), chemistry (CHEM 101), and math (MATH 103) their first semester in order to avoid later schedule conflicts and to be ready for their hospital training after three years of college.
The Bachelor of Science with a Major in Chemistry (Pharmacy Option)
This degree requires successful completion of 128 semester hours, including: (1) the Program of General Studies; (2) the Phase I Prepharmacy program listed below; and (3) the first year of phase II at the University of Charleston (Students will enroll in CHEM 450 at Concord; 30 hours in two semesters).
PHARMACY OPTION (PHASE I)
25 hours in chemistry—CHEM 101, 102, 107, 331, 332, 351, 341 or 352 or 401, 425A, 425D; 20 hours in biology – BIOL 101, 102, 235, 237, 330; 7-13 hours in mathematics – MATH 103*, 104*, 105, 250; 8 hours of physics – PHYS 101 or 201**, 102 or 202**; 3 hours in ethics – PHIL 212 or LSPL 301.
*Math 103 and/or 104 will be waived for those students establishing “equivalent proficiency” as defined by the Department of Mathematics (Math ACT 25 or 28, see p. 152).
**Calculus-based physics recommended if possible
MINOR IN CHEMISTRY
24 hours in chemistry—CHEM 101, 102, 107, 331, 351; nine hours of chemistry electives; 8 hours of physics—PHYS 101 or 201, 102 or 202.
The Bachelor of Science in Education – Chemistry 9-Adult
The degree of Bachelor of Science in Education, with certification to teach chemistry, requires successful completion of 128 semester hours, including (1) the Program of General Studies, (2) the Professional Educational Component (pages 81-83), and (3) the requirements associated with certification in Chemistry 9-Adult (pages 163). Students may complete a single field in Chemistry 9-Adult; however, it is recommended that this field be combined with another field such as General Science 5-Adult. Students may also combine the education degree with a dual major in one of the four chemistry programs above, such as preprofessional chemistry (recommended).
Chemistry Courses (CHEM)
101 Introductory Chemistry I. (3)
Prerequisites: MATH 103 (or equivalent proficiency) and ENGL 101 (previously or concurrently for both)
An introductory course designed to give a general knowledge of the principles of chemistry. Three hours lecture. (F)
102 Introductory Chemistry II. (3)
Prerequisite: CHEM 101, MATH 103 (or equivalent proficiency).
A continuation of Chemistry 101. Three hours lecture. (S)
107 Introductory Chemistry Laboratory. (2)
Prerequisite: CHEM 101 previously or concurrently.
An introduction to basic techniques and experiments including measurement techniques; separations of mixtures; identification of unknowns, including inorganic qualitative analysis; formula determination; gas laws; enthalpy change determination; spectral studies; acid-base titration. Includes weekly recitation and small-group discussion on experimental design and analysis. 4 hours lab. (F, S)
210 Chemical Laboratory Safety. (1)
Prerequisites: CHEM 102 and 107
The basics of safety in the chemical laboratory are studied, including legal, ethical, and policy issues appropriate to the workplace. One hour lecture. (F)
220 Laboratory Research Methodology. (1)
Prerequisites: CHEM 102 and 107
An introduction to research design and experimental methods in chemistry. Includes techniques of literature search and the use of statistics and computers in data analysis. Three hours lab. (S – even years).
302 Cell and Molecular Biology. (4)
See BIOL 302.
331 Organic Chemistry I. (4)
Prerequisites: CHEM 102 and CHEM 107 mandatory
Introduction to the chemistry of carbon compounds. Laboratory consists of fundamental techniques and preparations. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory. (F)
332 Organic Chemistry II. (4)
Prerequisite: CHEM 331.
A continuation of CHEM 331. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory. (S)
341 Biochemistry. (3)
Prerequisite: CHEM 331.
The structures and reactions of organic compounds existing in biological systems are examined. Three hours lecture. (F)
351 Analytical Chemistry. (3)
Prerequisites: CHEM 102, 107.
Methods of measuring and quantifying the chemical composition of natural and artificial materials. Three hours lecture. (F)
352 Instrumental Analysis. (3)
Prerequisites: CHEM 351; PHYS 102 or 202 previously or concurrently.
Spectroscopic, chromatographic, and electrometric methods of analysis are studied. Three hours lecture. (S)
401 Physical Chemistry I. (3)
Prerequisites: CHEM 102, PHYS 102 or 202, MATH 251.
A calculus-based study of thermodynamics, phase equilibria, and electrochemistry. Three hours lecture. (F – even years)
402 Physical Chemistry II. (3)
Prerequisites: CHEM 401.
A study of chemical kinetics, quantum mechanics, and spectroscopy. Three hours lecture. (S – odd years)
413 Inorganic Chemistry. (3)
Prerequisite: CHEM 102.
Examination of the structure of atoms and the bonding in inorganic compounds, including coordination compounds. Includes molecular symmetry and crystallography. Three hours lecture. (F – odd years)
420 Special Topics. (1-5)
Prerequisites: Specified by the instructor.
Courses in selected areas of chemistry. Specific topics to be announced and indicated by title on transcript. A recent example includes Medicinal Chemistry. May be taken for credit repeatedly.
425A Gravimetric and Volumetric Analysis. (2)
Prerequisite: CHEM 351 previously or concurrently.
Quantitative analytical methods in the laboratory. Six hours laboratory. (F)
425B Spectroscopic Methods. (1)
Prerequisite: CHEM 352 previously or concurrently.
A study of modern spectroscopic methods used in chemical analysis with emphasis on nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. Includes computer simulations. Three hours laboratory. (S)
425C Chromatographic Methods. (1)
Prerequisite: CHEM 352 previously or concurrently.
Laboratory study of separations and mixtures. Three hours laboratory. (S – even years)
425D Physical Properties. (1)
Prerequisite: CHEM 102, 107.
A study of techniques used to measure physical properties of organic and inorganic compounds. Proper laboratory notebook technique and the use of software to perform calculations are stressed. Three hours laboratory. (F)
425E Electroanalytical Methods. (1)
Prerequisite: CHEM 351.
Laboratory study of electroanalytical methods of chemical analysis. Practical applications of coulometric, potentiometric, and polarographic methods will be examined. Three hours laboratory. (S – odd years)
425F Thermal Methods. (1)
Prerequisite: CHEM 351.
Theory and practice of thermal methods of chemical analysis. Practical applications of differential scanning calorimetry, differential thermal analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis will be examined. Three hours laboratory. (S – even years)
451-452 Independent Laboratory Research. (1-3, 1-3)
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor.
Independent research in chemistry. Original investigative projects will be developed and completed by the student under the direction of a chemistry faculty advisor. May be repeated for up to six hours credit. (F, S)
480-481 Honors Courses. (3, 3)
Juniors and seniors who qualify for Honors Courses are offered the opportunity to study with individual members of the faculty. This is specialized study apart from conventional classroom work. Interested students should contact the chemistry faculty for further information. (F, S)
Geology
Courses in geology focus on the scientific study of the Earth, its resources, and the analysis of environmental problems and natural hazards. Geology is a field-based, interdisciplinary science. The geological diversity of southern West Virginia provides an ideal natural laboratory for geoscience education, and many courses incorporate field trips and field-based research projects that uniquely enhance classroom learning. The geology program offers general studies courses, a minor, and a major.
The Bachelor of Science in Environmental Geosciences
This degree program is designed to prepare students for scientific careers or graduate study in geology and/or environmental science. The degree requires successful completion of 128 semester hours, including: (1) the Program of General Studies (a foreign language is recommended but not required); (2) the multidisciplinary Core Requirements in geology, geography, chemistry, and mathematics listed below (50-56 hours); and (3) one of the three elective concentrations listed below (16 hours). Students interested in graduate study in geology should complete the Physical Sciences option since most graduate programs will require one year of chemistry, one year of physics, and one year of calculus; many will also require a foreign language. Students interested in the major should begin and complete coursework in mathematics and chemistry as soon as possible.
MAJOR IN ENVIRONMENTAL GEOSCIENCES
Core Requirements (50-56 hours):
GEOLOGY —(32 HRS.)
GEOL 101, 202, 205, 370, 371, 380, 385, and 404.
GEOGRAPHY—(3 HRS.)
GEOG 311.
CHEMISTRY—(8 HRS.)
CHEM 101, 102, and 107.
MATHEMATICS —(7-13 HRS.)
MATH 103*, 104*, and 7 or more hours (2 or 3 courses) selected from the following: MATH 105, 201, 202, 220, 240, 250, 251**.
Elective Concentration (16 hours; choose one of three options below):
(1) Geography and Geographic Information Systems (16 hrs.) – GEOG 411 and 13 hours from any of the following (including at least 6 hours in GEOG): GEOG 300, 312, 340, 412, 360, or any electives in GEOL beyond those used to satisfy Core Requirements.
(2) Ecology and Life Sciences (16 hrs.) – BIOL 101, 102, 201, and 4 hours electives from any other course(s) in BIOL (BIOL 270 Aquatic Biology recommended).
(3) Physical Sciences (16 hrs.)*** – PHYS 101 or 201, 102 or 202, and 8 hours electives from CHEM, GEOL, or PHYS beyond those used to satisfy the Core Requirements.
Notes: *Math 103 and/or 104 will be waived for those students establishing “equivalent proficiency” as defined by the Department of Mathematics (Math ACT 25 or 28. **MATH 250 and 251 recommended for geology graduate school applicants. *** MATH 250 must be selected for the mathematics Core Requirement to satisfy this elective concentration.
MINOR IN GEOLOGY
18 hours in Geology—GEOL 101, 202, and 10 hours of geology electives. Recommended: Inclusion of one or more courses from GEOL 370, 380, or 385.
Geology and Environmental Science Courses (GEOL)
Note: All four hour geology courses may be taken for General Studies Lab Science credit; 100-200 level courses are specifically designed for a broad audience. Students with math ACT scores of 18 or below are strongly encouraged to complete MATH 090 before taking any lab science courses.
101 Earth Processes, Resources, and the Environment. (4)
Study of Earth systems and the connection between people, resources, and the environment. Topics include minerals, rocks, plate tectonics, geologic hazards, water, pollution, and global environmental change. A General Studies lab science. Three hours lecture, two hours lab or field. (F, S)
202 Evolution of Earth Systems. (4)
Prerequisite: GEOL 101.
Study of changes in the Earth’s crust, global climate, oceans, and life through 4.6 billion years of geological time. Topics include fossils, mass extinctions, and the geologic development of the Appalachians. Lab emphasizes field study of southern West Virginia geology. Three hours lecture, three hours lab or field. (S)
205 Environmental Geology. (4)
Prerequisite: GEOL 101.
Application of geologic principles focusing on the interactions between people and the environment. Includes study of groundwater, natural hazards, and human-induced environmental problems. Three hours lecture, two hours lab or field. (F – even years)
220 Special Topics. (1-5)
Prerequisites: Specified by instructor.
Courses in selected areas of geology or environmental science. Specific topics to be announced and indicated by title on transcript. Examples include Environmental Remote Sensing, Resource Geology, Oceanography. May be taken for credit repeatedly.
341 Process Geomorphology. (4)
Prerequisite: GEOL 101.
Study of processes operating on Earth’s surface and the evolution and distribution of landforms. Introduction to watershed hydrology and other environmental applications. Three hours lecture, two hours lab. (Spring of odd years)
370 Earth Materials and Minerals. (4)
Prerequisite: GEOL 101, CHEM 101.
Study of the identification, classification, geochemistry, and origin of minerals and rock bodies, with emphasis on igneous and metamorphic processes in continental crust. Introduction to environmental issues related to minerals and mining. Three hours lecture, two hours lab. (S)
371 Optical Mineralogy. (2)
Prerequisite: GEOL 370 or concurrently.
Identification and optical properties of minerals using petrographic and metallurgical microscopes. One hour lecture, two hours lab. (S)
375 Igneous, Metamorphic, and Sedimentary Petrology. (4)
Prerequisites: GEOL 370 and 371.
Description and classification of rocks in hand sample and thin section. Includes study of the origin of rock bodies within various tectonic environments. Three hours lecture, two hours lab.
380 Sedimentary Geology. (4)
Prerequisites: GEOL 101 and 202.
Principles of stratigraphy and sedimentology, including the origin and interpretation of sedimentary environments and rocks. Lab emphasizes field techniques, analysis, and interpretation. Three hours lecture, three hours lab or field. (F-odd years)
385 Structural Geology. (4)
Prerequisites: GEOL 101 and MATH 103 (or equivalent proficiency); MATH 104 and PHYS 101 (or concurrently) recommended.
Study of the mechanics and physics of rock deformation, the origin of geologic structures, and global mountain-building processes. Lab emphasizes geometric problem solving and Appalachian field studies. Three hours lecture, three hours lab or field. (F-even years)
404 Field Geology. (6)
Prerequisites: GEOL 202, 370, and permission of instructor.
Techniques and practice of geologic field mapping in diverse settings. Includes map and cross-section preparation, structural analysis, and written interpretive reports. Taught on location in the Rocky Mountains of central Colorado, northern New Mexico, and Utah. Additional fee for summer travel required. (Summer – odd years)
420 Special Topics in Geology or Environmental Science. (1-5)
Prerequisites: Specified by instructor.
Courses in selected topics to be announced. Topics indicated by title on transcript; recent examples include Ground Penetrating Radar, Groundwater Hydrology. May be taken for credit repeatedly.
450-451 Geology Research I, II. (3, 3)
Prerequisites: Junior or senior standing and consent of instructor.
Independent research in geology. Projects will be developed and completed by the student under direction of a faculty advisor. (F, S)
452-453 Environmental Science Research I, II. (3, 3)
Prerequisites: Junior or senior standing and consent of instructor.
Independent research in environmental science. Projects will be developed and completed by the student under direction of a faculty advisor. (F, S)
Geology Mini-Course
1011 Introduction to Cave Geology. (1)
Study of the development of caves, the factors that influence cave diversity, and cave features. Safety in caving is stressed, and students will be required to obtain limited personal caving equipment.
Physical Science
General Physical Science Courses (PHSC)
Note: PHSC courses may be taken in any order and one or both may be used for General Studies Lab Science credit.
103 Introduction to Physical Science I. (4)
Prerequisites: MATH 101 (or higher); ENGL 101 previously or concurrently.
Development of conceptual models in astronomy and physics. Intended for elementary through middle level (K-9) education majors. Three hours lecture, two hours lab. (F, S)
104 Introduction to Physical Science II. (4)
Prerequisites: MATH 101 (or higher); ENGL 101 previously or concurrently.
Development of conceptual models in chemistry, Earth, and atmospheric sciences. Intended for elementary (K-6) education majors; not open to science majors. Three hours lecture, two hours lab. (F, S)
Physics
MINOR IN PHYSICS—23 HOURS
PHYS 101 or 201, 102 or 202, and 15 hours of physics electives. Recommended electives: PHYS 105, 301, 313, 317, 318, 319, 420. MATH 455 may be substituted for 3 hours of physics.
Physics Courses (PHYS)
101 Introductory Physics. (4)
Prerequisite: MATH 103 and 104, or equivalent proficiency.
An algebra/trigonometry-based introduction to mechanics, wave motion, and thermodynamics. Three hours lecture, two hours lab. (F)
102 Intermediate Physics. (4)
Prerequisite: PHYS 101.
A continuation of PHYS 101, including an introduction to electricity and magnetism, optics, and modern physics. Three hours lecture, two hours lab. (S)
105 Introductory Astronomy. (4)
Prerequisite: MATH 101 or higher, previously or concurrently.
An introduction to the fundamentals of astronomy. Topics include: the history and philosophy of astronomy, earth-sun-moon phenomena, the life cycle of stars, properties of galaxies, the current cosmological model, and the solar system. Labs incorporate the use of telescopes at the Concord University observatory. A General Studies Lab Science course that emphasizes critical thinking and the use of writing and basic mathematics. Three hours lecture, two hours lab. (S)
201 University Physics with Calculus, Part 1. (4)
Prerequisite: MATH 250 or concurrently.
A calculus-based introduction to mechanics, wave motion, and thermodynamics. Three hours lecture, two hours lab. (S)
202 University Physics with Calculus, Part 2. (4)
Prerequisite: PHYS 201, MATH 250.
A continuation of PHYS 201, including an introduction to electricity and magnetism, optics, and modern physics. Three hours lecture, two hours lab. (F)
220 Special Topics. (1-5)
Prerequisites: Specified by instructor.
Courses in selected areas of physics. Specific topics to be announced and indicated by title on transcript. May be taken for credit repeatedly.
301 Optics and Wave Phenomena. (3)
Prerequisites: PHYS 102 or 202, MATH 104.
Geometrical and physical optics. Two hours lecture, two hours lab.
314 Modern Physics. (3)
Prerequisite: PHYS 102 or 202, MATH 250 previously or concurrently.
Atomic physics, special theory of relativity, nuclear physics, elementary particles, and special topics. Three hours lecture.
315 Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics. (4)
Prerequisites: PHYS 102 or 202, MATH 252.
Fundamental principles of thermodynamics, kinetic theory of gases, and classical and quantum statistical mechanics. Four hours lecture.
317 Mathematics for Physical Sciences I. (3)
Prerequisites: PHYS 102 or 202, MATH 252.
Mathematical techniques useful in the physical sciences, including infinite series, matrices, multiple integrals, vector analysis, Fourier series, calculus of variations, and special functions. Three hours lecture. (F)
318 Mathematics for Physical Sciences II. (3)
Prerequisite: PHYS 317.
A continuation of PHYS 317, including a study of tensor analysis, Legendre polynomials, Bessel functions, functions of a complex variable, Laplace transforms, and partial differential equations. Three hours lecture. (S)
319 Digital Electronics. (2)
Prerequisite: PHYS 102 or 202.
A laboratory study of digital electronics with emphasis on microprocessors. Four hours laboratory. (F, S)
401 Intermediate Electricity and Magnetism. (3)
Prerequisites: PHYS 102 or 202, MATH 252.
Electrostatics, magnetostatics, network analysis, electrodynamics, and an introduction to Maxwell’s equations. Three hours lecture.
402 Electricity and Magnetism. (3)
Prerequisite: PHYS 401.
Maxwell’s equations, solutions of Laplace’s equation, and special topics. Three hours lecture.
403 Intermediate Mechanics. (3)
Prerequisites: PHYS 102 or 202, MATH 252.
The basic principles of mechanics, including study of statics, kinematics and dynamics. Three hours lecture.
404 Theoretical Mechanics. (3)
Prerequisite: PHYS 403.
The study of angular momentum, rotational and orbital motion, and the Lagrange and Hamilton equations. Three hours lecture.
420 Special Topics (1-5)
Prerequisites: Specified by instructor.
Courses in selected areas of physics. Specified topics to be announced and indicated by title on transcript. A recent example is Topics in Astrophysics. May be taken for credit repeatedly.
451-452 Independent Research. (3, 3)
Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.
Introduction to physics research through individual supervised problems.
480-481 Honors Courses. (3, 3)
Juniors and seniors who qualify for Honors Courses are offered the opportunity to study with individual members of the faculty. This is specialized study apart from conventional classroom work. Interested students should contact physics faculty for further information.