Social Sciences

Courses....................................................Page

Social Science ............................................................................................................132

Geography .................................................................................................................133

Appalachian Studies .................................................................................................135

History .......................................................................................................................136

Philosophy .................................................................................................................139

Political Science .......................................................................................................140

Psychology .................................................................................................................143

Public and Non-Profit Administration ....................................................................145

Recreation and Tourism Management ....................................................................145

Social Work ...............................................................................................................148

Sociology ...................................................................................................................149

Degrees

The Bachelor of Arts ................................................................................................131

The Bachelor of Science in Education ....................................................................131

The Bachelor of Science in Recreation and Tourism Management ......................145

The Bachelor of Social Work ....................................................................................149

Social Sciences disciplines are concerned with examining the development, the structure, the conditions, and the implications of human association. The skills and techniques necessary for this examination are developed within the context of the theoretical bases for the organization of such knowledge. From different perspectives of study, courses in the Division are designed to further the student’s understanding of human society, to increase the student’s ability to function effectively within that society, and to broaden the student’s understanding of the means toward acquiring a meaningful, just, and well-ordered society.

Four degrees are available for students studying in the social sciences.

The student must earn a grade average of better than 2.00 in all courses taken for the major, minor, or any teaching option.

Bachelor of Arts

Majors within this degree may be established in geography, history, political science, psychology, and sociology; see descriptions beginning on the next page.

A minor but no major is available in philosophy; see page 139. A minor but no major is available in public and non-profit administration, see page 145. An area of emphasis in philosophy with a major in history is available; see page 136.

Also the major and minor requirements are discussed with each discipline.

Bachelor of Science in Education

The degree of Bachelor of Science in Education, with certification to teach social studies, requires successful completion of 128 semester hours, including (1) the Program of General Studies (pages 21-24 ); (2) the Professional Semester for the certificate chosen (page 55); and (3) the requirements associated with the following certificate.

Certificate for Grades 5-12 in Social Studies (pages 72-73).

Bachelor of Social Work.

See page 148 for details.

Bachelor of Science in Recreation and Tourism Management

See page 149 for details.

Pre-Law

Law schools generally require an applicant to be the holder of a bachelor’s degree. Concord College recommends that pre-law students follow the curriculum for the Bachelor of Arts degree. A curriculum plan is developed by the pre-law student in consultation with the pre-law advisor. This may include an introductory law class, a capstone class, and specific electives. Additionally, a student may apply for a clerkship/internship. Classes and activities are tailored to meet the goals of students desiring to attend law school. Moreover, membership in a Pre-Law organization is available to all pre-law students. Most law schools also require students to submit scores from the Law School Admission Test (LSAT). Pre-law students may receive assistance in applying for the LSAT through their pre-law advisor.

Social Science Courses (SOSC)

2851 Introduction to Library Research. (1)

Designed to develop basic library skills. Special attention will be given to indexes, abstracting services, and search techniques with adaptations to the major fields of individual students.

414 Special Methods in the Teaching of Social Studies. (3)

The study and evaluation of personal and professional qualities, skills, and instructional strategies and materials that result in good teaching. Students must achieve a grade of C or better. EDUC 306 is a prerequisite for SOSC 414. (F,S)

450 Interdisciplinary Seminar. (1-3)

Prerequisite: Consent of staff.

The central theme of the problem being investigated will be analyzed through the "eyes" of the various disciplines; with staffing for the seminar coming from the various disciplines of the division. (F,S)

470-471 Independent Study. (3,3)

Prerequisites: Minimum of 15 hours of course work completed in the discipline and consent of instructor and division chairperson.

Application must be made and approved by a committee before the student can register for the independent study (page 29). Applications may be picked up from the division chairperson.

472A-472B Public Service Internship. (9,6)

The internship is a semester long work-study program in a public service agency. The Public Service Internship Program is open to juniors and seniors and offered both semesters of the academic year. Students interested in applying for the program should contact the office of the Division of Social Sciences.

Geography

The objective of the geography program is to provide an understanding of the interrelationships between people and their cultural and physical environments. Factual information is combined with geographic theories to identify, through critical thinking, the spatial relationships found on the Earth’s surface. Attention is also given to the geographic tools and techniques used to analyze the natural and human patterns found on the earth’s surface.

Students seeking the Bachelor of Arts degree may earn a major or a minor in geography as outlined below. Note required grade average on page 131.

The Bachelor of Arts

The degree of Bachelor of Arts, with a major in geography, requires successful completion of 128 semester hours, including (1) the Program of General Studies; (2) the geography program listed below; and (3) a program of electives or a minor as worked out with the student’s advisor. Students are encouraged to enroll in foreign language courses. Junior/Senior students may also complete a 3-to-6-hour internship subject to the approval of the geography faculty.

Major in Geography—34 hours

GEOG 101, 200, 300, 311; nine hours of regional studies courses; and the Geography Capstone course are required.

*One of the following courses may be taken in lieu of a systematic geography course: APST 300; BIOL 220; ECON 201 or 202; MATH 105, 201; SOC 310, 399. Two of the following geology courses may be taken in lieu of the corresponding number of systematic geography courses: GEOL 101, 202, 205, 341.

Minor in Geography—15 hours

GEOG 101, 200, and nine hours of geography electives with consultation from student’s advisor.

Major in Geography with an Area of Emphasis in Cartography and Geographic Information Systems—30-32 hours

GEOG 200, 311, 312, 411, 412; MATH 103, 105, 201; two courses from the following: GEOG 460 (Geomorphology or Meteorology and Climatology), GEOL 101, 205, 341, 385, 420 (Environmental Remote Sensing), PHYS 105, CIET 110 (offered at Bluefield State College). This concentration will prepare students for careers and graduate work in Cartography and Geographic Information Systems. The concentration must be completed in conjunction with the major in Geography.

Area of Emphasis in Pre-Environmental Law—33 hours

POSC 103, 104, 225, 401; GEOG 200, 300, 320; BIOL 101, 102, 201. This area of emphasis will prepare students for graduate work in public policy, public affairs, or environmental law. It can be used to supplement any major.

Minor in Appalachian Studies—21 hours

APST 101; HIST 307; GEOG 250 (Geography of Appalachia); SOC 201; nine hours of Appalachian Studies. (Appalachian Biogeography may be substituted for any one of the above courses.)

Appalachian Studies at Concord College is an interdisciplinary program under the direction of the Geography staff. It is designed to provide students an understanding of the region.

Although the courses are offered primarily as a means by which students may enrich their educational experiences, students may also minor in Appalachian Studies.

The courses in the program will be supplemented by learning opportunities outside the classroom, including lectures, exhibits, and field trips.

Introductory Geography Courses

Note: GEOG 101 and 200 are the prerequisites for all other courses in geography.

All Geography prerequisites may be waived with the consent of the geography faculty.

101 Principles of World Cultural Geography. (3)

A survey course covering the culture regions of the world. Emphasis is placed on the geographic themes of place, location, movement, regions, human/environment interaction and landscape. (F,S)

200 Principles of Physical Geography. (3)

An introductory course that studies the Earth as the environment of man. It emphasizes the physical pattern of climates, landforms, soils, vegetations, and natural resources. (F,S)

Regional Geography Courses

250 Regional Studies. (3)

Regional studies focus on selected portions of the Earth’s surface. They also focus on the interdependency of nations. Regional geography courses prepare students to be aware of and understand people culturally different from themselves. Courses include the following: Europe, North Africa and the Middle East, Russia, Southeast Asia, Latin America, the U.S.-Mexico Borderlands, and North America. Regional courses may be taken repeatedly for credit, so long as there is no duplication of the area studied. Region of study will be reported on the student’s transcript. (F,S)

Systematic Geography Courses

300 Sustainable Development. (3)

A study of the need for conservation, its practice and philosophy. Emphasis will be on the interaction of people and the environment they inhabit.

301 Economic Geography. (3)

A study of the nature, distribution, and spatial dynamics of man’s economic activities.

311 Computer Cartography. (3)

The construction, interpretation, and analysis of maps and aerial photography. Students will use cartographic computer software and peripheral equipment to accomplish these course objectives.

312 Advanced Computer Cartography. (3)

Prerequisite: GEOG 311

Advanced issues and techniques in the construction, interpretation, and analysis of maps. Students will master an expanded variety of cartographic computer software and peripheral equipment to accomplish these course objectives. (S)

320 Political Geography. (3)

A study of the role of geographic conditions and considerations in local, national, and international politics. Special attention is given to political problems and topics of current interest.

321 Advanced Cultural Geography. (3)

A systematic survey of culture through the topics of human origins, demographics, agriculture, politics, language, religion, folk societies, ethnicity, and urban life. There is an emphasis on popular culture. Advanced Cultural Geography can be used for credit in Sociology, and is also listed as SOC 320

330 Geography of Tourism and Outdoor Recreation. (3)

A study of the patterns of pleasure travel and processes of recreation, with emphasis on the geographic factors which influence demand, usage, and development of recreation areas and facilities. (Also listed as RTM 340.)

340 Geography of Soils and Agricultural Land Use. (4)

A study of those soil physical and chemical properties that influence a soil’s agricultural suitability. Field analysis and soil sampling, land capability assessment, water infiltration and retention studies, and soil texture and nutrient status analysis are done in the field and laboratory. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory.

410 Urban Geography. (3)

Examines social and environmental issues facing America’s cities. Emphasis is placed on examining urban policy by blending geographic perspectives with those from complementary social science disciplines. The class includes a weeklong seminar held in Washington, D.C. in order that students may meet with government, academic, and private sector experts in the Washington area

411 Geographic Information Systems. (3)

Prerequisites: GEOG 311; MATH 105.

The construction, maintenance, analysis, and display of computerized geographic databases. (S)

412 Advanced Geographic Information Systems. (3)

Prerequisites: GEOG 311, 411; MATH 105

Advanced issues in the use and design of Geographic Information Systems. (S)

450 Field Methods, Internships, and Research in Geography. (3-6)

Prerequisites: Upperclass standing and consent of instructor.

Classroom, field and library experience in the tools and methodology of geographic research. A faculty approved internship may be substituted in lieu of the above. Students will develop a topic and present a formal paper based on their research.

460 Special Topics in Geography. (3)

Advanced study in specific geographic topics. May be taken repeatedly for credit. Topic of study will be included on student’s transcript. Examples of topics include Geographic Thought, Native American Geography, and Historical Geography.

Geography Mini-Courses

The geography mini-courses provide a flexible approach to educational needs and interests that may not be met by the traditional three-hour geography course. Each mini-course represents one-third of a semester’s work, is approximately five weeks in length, and carries one hour of College credit. Some of the courses emphasize specific skills that students may need while others contribute to general education or serve avocational interests. A complete description of each course and course outline may be obtained from the Department of Geography.

Courses include the following: Geography Capstone, Geographic Thought, Ethnic America, Geography and the Media, Broadcast Meteorology, and Demography.

4601 Special Studies in Geography. (1)

Provides concentrated study on a specific topic. It may be repeated for credit, and the title of the special study will be included on the student’s transcript. Examples of special studies include: Introduction to Geographic Thought, and Readings in Geography.

Appalachian Studies Courses (APST)

101 Introduction to Appalachian Studies. (3)

Explores the regional identity of Appalachia and its place in American society.

102 Introduction to the Appalachian Folk Arts and Crafts. (3)

Introduces the student to both the performing arts and the productive arts of Appalachia. It will include both discussion of development of the arts and hands-on experience with them. Included are dulcimer construction and playing folk songs, dancing, quilt making, corn husk dolls and other crafts.

200 Special Topics in Appalachian Studies. (3)

Provides concentrated study on a specific topic relating to the Appalachians. It may be repeated for credit, and the title of the special topic will be indicated on the student’s transcript. Example of special studies include The Black Experience in Appalachia, Appalachian Culture, and Economic Problems of the Appalachians.

250 Regional Studies: The Appalachians. (3)

See GEOG 250.

300 Appalachian Biogeography. (3)

See N SC 300C. Biology 230 Ornithology

Appalachian Studies Mini-Courses

The mini-courses in Appalachian Studies provide a flexible approach to educational needs and interests that may not be met by the traditional three-hour courses. Each mini-course represents one-third of a semester’s work, is approximately five weeks in length, and carries one hour of College credit. Other courses will be developed to meet future student interests and needs.

1020 Introduction to the Folk Music of Appalachia. (1)

An examination of the importance, form, structure, and instruments of Appalachian Folk Music. Both recorded music and live performances are used to illustrate the elements of the music.

1023 Appalachian Traditional Dances. (1)

An introduction to country dances and group dances other than square.

2010 Introduction to the Collection of Oral History. (1)

An introduction to the objectives and techniques of collecting oral history. Students will be required to participate in collection activities.

3302 Appalachian Trails. (1)

Includes a review of the history, purpose and location of the Appalachian Trail, as well as trail hiking in general. Preparation, equipment and supplies for hiking and backpacking will be discussed. Participation in an overnight hike on the Appalachian Trail is required.

3503 Appalachian Writers. (1)

See Languages and Literature mini-courses.

4231 Heritage Crafts. (1-12)

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

See Art 4231.

4601 Special Studies in Appalachia. (1)

Provides concentrated study on a specific Appalachian Studies topic. May be repeated for credit and the title of the special study will be included on the student’s transcript. Courses include: Rock Climbing, Archeology, Planning, and Appalachian Horsemanship.

Independent Honors and Study

470-471 Independent Study. (3,3)

See SOSC 470-471. (F, S) (Page 132).

480-481 Honors Courses. (3)

Juniors and seniors who qualify for Honors Courses are offered the opportunity to study apart from conventional classroom work. Interested students should contact the Division Chairperson for further information.

History

Understanding the development of civilizations in various times and places allows us to appreciate the modern milieu and its future courses. The study of history can prepare a person for a broad range of careers and graduate training in education, preservation, law, the social sciences, business, and other professions.

Students seeking the Bachelor of Arts degree may earn a major or minor in history. Be aware that the required grade point average for work in the program conforms to the standards of the Division of Social Science.


	Social Sciences Courses....................................................Page Social Science ............................................................................................................132 Geography .................................................................................................................133 Appalachian Studies .................................................................................................135 History .......................................................................................................................136 Philosophy .................................................................................................................139 Political Science .......................................................................................................140 Psychology .................................................................................................................143 Public and Non-Profit Administration ....................................................................145 Recreation and Tourism Management ....................................................................145 Social Work ...............................................................................................................148 Sociology ...................................................................................................................149 Degrees The Bachelor of Arts ................................................................................................131 The Bachelor of Science in Education ....................................................................131 The Bachelor of Science in Recreation and Tourism Management ......................145 The Bachelor of Social Work ....................................................................................149 Social Sciences disciplines are concerned with examining the development, the structure, the conditions, and the implications of human association. The skills and techniques necessary for this examination are developed within the context of the theoretical bases for the organization of such knowledge. From different perspectives of study, courses in the Division are designed to further the student’s understanding of human society, to increase the student’s ability to function effectively within that society, and to broaden the student’s understanding of the means toward acquiring a meaningful, just, and well-ordered society. Four degrees are available for students studying in the social sciences. The student must earn a grade average of better than 2.00 in all courses taken for the major, minor, or any teaching option. Bachelor of Arts Majors within this degree may be established in geography, history, political science, psychology, and sociology; see descriptions beginning on the next page. A minor but no major is available in philosophy; see page 139. A minor but no major is available in public and non-profit administration, see page 145. An area of emphasis in philosophy with a major in history is available; see page 136. Also the major and minor requirements are discussed with each discipline. Bachelor of Science in Education The degree of Bachelor of Science in Education, with certification to teach social studies, requires successful completion of 128 semester hours, including (1) the Program of General Studies (pages 21-24 ); (2) the Professional Semester for the certificate chosen (page 55); and (3) the requirements associated with the following certificate. Certificate for Grades 5-12 in Social Studies (pages 72-73). Bachelor of Social Work. See page 148 for details. Bachelor of Science in Recreation and Tourism Management See page 149 for details. Pre-Law Law schools generally require an applicant to be the holder of a bachelor’s degree. Concord College recommends that pre-law students follow the curriculum for the Bachelor of Arts degree. A curriculum plan is developed by the pre-law student in consultation with the pre-law advisor. This may include an introductory law class, a capstone class, and specific electives. Additionally, a student may apply for a clerkship/internship. Classes and activities are tailored to meet the goals of students desiring to attend law school. Moreover, membership in a Pre-Law organization is available to all pre-law students. Most law schools also require students to submit scores from the Law School Admission Test (LSAT). Pre-law students may receive assistance in applying for the LSAT through their pre-law advisor. Social Science Courses (SOSC) 2851 Introduction to Library Research. (1) Designed to develop basic library skills. Special attention will be given to indexes, abstracting services, and search techniques with adaptations to the major fields of individual students. 414 Special Methods in the Teaching of Social Studies. (3) The study and evaluation of personal and professional qualities, skills, and instructional strategies and materials that result in good teaching. Students must achieve a grade of C or better. EDUC 306 is a prerequisite for SOSC 414. (F,S) 450 Interdisciplinary Seminar. (1-3) Prerequisite: Consent of staff. The central theme of the problem being investigated will be analyzed through the "eyes" of the various disciplines; with staffing for the seminar coming from the various disciplines of the division. (F,S) 470-471 Independent Study. (3,3) Prerequisites: Minimum of 15 hours of course work completed in the discipline and consent of instructor and division chairperson. Application must be made and approved by a committee before the student can register for the independent study (page 29). Applications may be picked up from the division chairperson. 472A-472B Public Service Internship. (9,6) The internship is a semester long work-study program in a public service agency. The Public Service Internship Program is open to juniors and seniors and offered both semesters of the academic year. Students interested in applying for the program should contact the office of the Division of Social Sciences. Geography The objective of the geography program is to provide an understanding of the interrelationships between people and their cultural and physical environments. Factual information is combined with geographic theories to identify, through critical thinking, the spatial relationships found on the Earth’s surface. Attention is also given to the geographic tools and techniques used to analyze the natural and human patterns found on the earth’s surface. Students seeking the Bachelor of Arts degree may earn a major or a minor in geography as outlined below. Note required grade average on page 131. The Bachelor of Arts The degree of Bachelor of Arts, with a major in geography, requires successful completion of 128 semester hours, including (1) the Program of General Studies; (2) the geography program listed below; and (3) a program of electives or a minor as worked out with the student’s advisor. Students are encouraged to enroll in foreign language courses. Junior/Senior students may also complete a 3-to-6-hour internship subject to the approval of the geography faculty. Major in Geography—34 hours GEOG 101, 200, 300, 311; nine hours of regional studies courses; and the Geography Capstone course are required. *One of the following courses may be taken in lieu of a systematic geography course: APST 300; BIOL 220; ECON 201 or 202; MATH 105, 201; SOC 310, 399. Two of the following geology courses may be taken in lieu of the corresponding number of systematic geography courses: GEOL 101, 202, 205, 341. Minor in Geography—15 hours GEOG 101, 200, and nine hours of geography electives with consultation from student’s advisor. Major in Geography with an Area of Emphasis in Cartography and Geographic Information Systems—30-32 hours GEOG 200, 311, 312, 411, 412; MATH 103, 105, 201; two courses from the following: GEOG 460 (Geomorphology or Meteorology and Climatology), GEOL 101, 205, 341, 385, 420 (Environmental Remote Sensing), PHYS 105, CIET 110 (offered at Bluefield State College). This concentration will prepare students for careers and graduate work in Cartography and Geographic Information Systems. The concentration must be completed in conjunction with the major in Geography. Area of Emphasis in Pre-Environmental Law—33 hours POSC 103, 104, 225, 401; GEOG 200, 300, 320; BIOL 101, 102, 201. This area of emphasis will prepare students for graduate work in public policy, public affairs, or environmental law. It can be used to supplement any major. Minor in Appalachian Studies—21 hours APST 101; HIST 307; GEOG 250 (Geography of Appalachia); SOC 201; nine hours of Appalachian Studies. (Appalachian Biogeography may be substituted for any one of the above courses.) Appalachian Studies at Concord College is an interdisciplinary program under the direction of the Geography staff. It is designed to provide students an understanding of the region. Although the courses are offered primarily as a means by which students may enrich their educational experiences, students may also minor in Appalachian Studies. The courses in the program will be supplemented by learning opportunities outside the classroom, including lectures, exhibits, and field trips. Introductory Geography Courses Note: GEOG 101 and 200 are the prerequisites for all other courses in geography. All Geography prerequisites may be waived with the consent of the geography faculty. 101 Principles of World Cultural Geography. (3) A survey course covering the culture regions of the world. Emphasis is placed on the geographic themes of place, location, movement, regions, human/environment interaction and landscape. (F,S) 200 Principles of Physical Geography. (3) An introductory course that studies the Earth as the environment of man. It emphasizes the physical pattern of climates, landforms, soils, vegetations, and natural resources. (F,S) Regional Geography Courses 250 Regional Studies. (3) Regional studies focus on selected portions of the Earth’s surface. They also focus on the interdependency of nations. Regional geography courses prepare students to be aware of and understand people culturally different from themselves. Courses include the following: Europe, North Africa and the Middle East, Russia, Southeast Asia, Latin America, the U.S.-Mexico Borderlands, and North America. Regional courses may be taken repeatedly for credit, so long as there is no duplication of the area studied. Region of study will be reported on the student’s transcript. (F,S) Systematic Geography Courses 300 Sustainable Development. (3) A study of the need for conservation, its practice and philosophy. Emphasis will be on the interaction of people and the environment they inhabit. 301 Economic Geography. (3) A study of the nature, distribution, and spatial dynamics of man’s economic activities. 311 Computer Cartography. (3) The construction, interpretation, and analysis of maps and aerial photography. Students will use cartographic computer software and peripheral equipment to accomplish these course objectives. 312 Advanced Computer Cartography. (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 311 Advanced issues and techniques in the construction, interpretation, and analysis of maps. Students will master an expanded variety of cartographic computer software and peripheral equipment to accomplish these course objectives. (S) 320 Political Geography. (3) A study of the role of geographic conditions and considerations in local, national, and international politics. Special attention is given to political problems and topics of current interest. 321 Advanced Cultural Geography. (3) A systematic survey of culture through the topics of human origins, demographics, agriculture, politics, language, religion, folk societies, ethnicity, and urban life. There is an emphasis on popular culture. Advanced Cultural Geography can be used for credit in Sociology, and is also listed as SOC 320 330 Geography of Tourism and Outdoor Recreation. (3) A study of the patterns of pleasure travel and processes of recreation, with emphasis on the geographic factors which influence demand, usage, and development of recreation areas and facilities. (Also listed as RTM 340.) 340 Geography of Soils and Agricultural Land Use. (4) A study of those soil physical and chemical properties that influence a soil’s agricultural suitability. Field analysis and soil sampling, land capability assessment, water infiltration and retention studies, and soil texture and nutrient status analysis are done in the field and laboratory. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory. 410 Urban Geography. (3) Examines social and environmental issues facing America’s cities. Emphasis is placed on examining urban policy by blending geographic perspectives with those from complementary social science disciplines. The class includes a weeklong seminar held in Washington, D.C. in order that students may meet with government, academic, and private sector experts in the Washington area 411 Geographic Information Systems. (3) Prerequisites: GEOG 311; MATH 105. The construction, maintenance, analysis, and display of computerized geographic databases. (S) 412 Advanced Geographic Information Systems. (3) Prerequisites: GEOG 311, 411; MATH 105 Advanced issues in the use and design of Geographic Information Systems. (S) 450 Field Methods, Internships, and Research in Geography. (3-6) Prerequisites: Upperclass standing and consent of instructor. Classroom, field and library experience in the tools and methodology of geographic research. A faculty approved internship may be substituted in lieu of the above. Students will develop a topic and present a formal paper based on their research. 460 Special Topics in Geography. (3) Advanced study in specific geographic topics. May be taken repeatedly for credit. Topic of study will be included on student’s transcript. Examples of topics include Geographic Thought, Native American Geography, and Historical Geography. Geography Mini-Courses The geography mini-courses provide a flexible approach to educational needs and interests that may not be met by the traditional three-hour geography course. Each mini-course represents one-third of a semester’s work, is approximately five weeks in length, and carries one hour of College credit. Some of the courses emphasize specific skills that students may need while others contribute to general education or serve avocational interests. A complete description of each course and course outline may be obtained from the Department of Geography. Courses include the following: Geography Capstone, Geographic Thought, Ethnic America, Geography and the Media, Broadcast Meteorology, and Demography. 4601 Special Studies in Geography. (1) Provides concentrated study on a specific topic. It may be repeated for credit, and the title of the special study will be included on the student’s transcript. Examples of special studies include: Introduction to Geographic Thought, and Readings in Geography. Appalachian Studies Courses (APST) 101 Introduction to Appalachian Studies. (3) Explores the regional identity of Appalachia and its place in American society. 102 Introduction to the Appalachian Folk Arts and Crafts. (3) Introduces the student to both the performing arts and the productive arts of Appalachia. It will include both discussion of development of the arts and hands-on experience with them. Included are dulcimer construction and playing folk songs, dancing, quilt making, corn husk dolls and other crafts. 200 Special Topics in Appalachian Studies. (3) Provides concentrated study on a specific topic relating to the Appalachians. It may be repeated for credit, and the title of the special topic will be indicated on the student’s transcript. Example of special studies include The Black Experience in Appalachia, Appalachian Culture, and Economic Problems of the Appalachians. 250 Regional Studies: The Appalachians. (3) See GEOG 250. 300 Appalachian Biogeography. (3) See N SC 300C. Biology 230 Ornithology Appalachian Studies Mini-Courses The mini-courses in Appalachian Studies provide a flexible approach to educational needs and interests that may not be met by the traditional three-hour courses. Each mini-course represents one-third of a semester’s work, is approximately five weeks in length, and carries one hour of College credit. Other courses will be developed to meet future student interests and needs. 1020 Introduction to the Folk Music of Appalachia. (1) An examination of the importance, form, structure, and instruments of Appalachian Folk Music. Both recorded music and live performances are used to illustrate the elements of the music. 1023 Appalachian Traditional Dances. (1) An introduction to country dances and group dances other than square. 2010 Introduction to the Collection of Oral History. (1) An introduction to the objectives and techniques of collecting oral history. Students will be required to participate in collection activities. 3302 Appalachian Trails. (1) Includes a review of the history, purpose and location of the Appalachian Trail, as well as trail hiking in general. Preparation, equipment and supplies for hiking and backpacking will be discussed. Participation in an overnight hike on the Appalachian Trail is required. 3503 Appalachian Writers. (1) See Languages and Literature mini-courses. 4231 Heritage Crafts. (1-12) Prerequisite: consent of instructor. See Art 4231. 4601 Special Studies in Appalachia. (1) Provides concentrated study on a specific Appalachian Studies topic. May be repeated for credit and the title of the special study will be included on the student’s transcript. Courses include: Rock Climbing, Archeology, Planning, and Appalachian Horsemanship. Independent Honors and Study 470-471 Independent Study. (3,3) See SOSC 470-471. (F, S) (Page 132). 480-481 Honors Courses. (3) Juniors and seniors who qualify for Honors Courses are offered the opportunity to study apart from conventional classroom work. Interested students should contact the Division Chairperson for further information. History Understanding the development of civilizations in various times and places allows us to appreciate the modern milieu and its future courses. The study of history can prepare a person for a broad range of careers and graduate training in education, preservation, law, the social sciences, business, and other professions. Students seeking the Bachelor of Arts degree may earn a major or minor in history. Be aware that the required grade point average for work in the program conforms to the standards of the Division of Social Science.