| Courses | Page |
| Natural Science (NSC) | 130 |
| Biology (BIOL) | 132 |
| Mathematics and Computer Science (MATH) | 138 |
| Chemistry (CHEM) | 144 |
| Geology and Environmental Science (GEOL) | 147 |
| Physical Science (PHSC) | 148 |
| Physics and Astronomy (PHYS) | 149 |
Bachelor of Science with Majors in:
| Degrees and Majors | Page |
| Biology (Liberal Arts) | 131 |
| Biology (Pre-Professional) | 131 |
| Biology (Recombinant Gene Technology) | 132 |
| Chemistry (Comprehensive) | 143 |
| Chemistry (Pre-Professional) | 143 |
| Comprehensive Mathematics | 137 |
| Computer Science/Mathematics | 137 |
| Mathematics | 137 |
| Bachelor of Science in Computer Information Systems | 138 |
| Bachelor of Science in Education with Certifications in: Biology 9- Adult | 132 |
| Chemistry 9-12 | 144 |
| General Science 5-9, 5-Adult | 129 |
| Mathematics 5-9, 5-Adult | 138 |
| Bachelor of Science in Environmental Geosciences | 146 |
| Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology | 151 |
| Minors, Emphases, and Other Programs | Page |
| Biology | 132 |
| Chemistry | 143 |
| Computer Science | 137 |
| Geology | 146 |
| Mathematics | 137 |
| Physics | 149 |
| Pre-Medicine and Pre-Dentistry | 130 |
| Pre-Actuarial Science | 137 |
| Biometrics | 137 |
| Statistics | 137 |
THE DIVISION OF NATURAL SCIENCES includes the Department of Biology, page 131; the Department of Mathematics (mathematics and computer science), page 136; the Department of Physical Sciences (chemistry, geology and environmental science, physics, physical science, and medical technology), page 143; and courses in the Natural Sciences, page 130.
In addition to the Bachelor of Science degree and the Bachelor of Science in Education degree, the Division offers the Bachelor of Science in Environmental Geosciences, the Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology, and the Bachelor of Science in Computer Information Systems.
Pre-professional studies in medicine and dentistry (page 130) may be combined with any of the Bachelor of Science programs.
The Bachelor of Science in Education - General Science 5-9 and 5-Adult
The degree of Bachelor of Science in Education, with certification to teach General Science, requires successful completion of 128 semester hours including (1) the Program of General Studies (pages 27-29; (2) the Professional Semester for the certificate chosen (page 65); and (3) the requirements associated with the following certificates:
Certificate for Grades 5-Adult (page 81). Students may complete a single field in General Science 5-Adult; however, it is highly recommended that this field be combined with at least one of the other fields described under the Bachelor of Science in Education, section II (page 72).
The university residence requirement (page 227) can be satisfied by completing 9 hours of science course work for the certification at the 200 level or higher at
Certificate for Grades 5-9 .............. (pages 80-81).
Students may combine a subject specialization in General Science 5-9 with either (1) the Elementary K-6 program (page 70); (2) a specialization for grades 9-adult (page 72); or (3) a specialization for grades 5-adult (page 72). The University residency requirement may be satisfied by completing NSC 414 A, B (3 hrs) and 5 hours of lower-division coursework in the general science 5-9 certification.
Natural Sciences
Natural Sciences Courses (NSC)
300C Biogeography. (3)
Prerequisites: Biol 102 and either Biol 101 or Geol 101 or consent of instructor.
Geologic and geographic development of the
300D Science and Religion. (3)
Prerequisites: Two laboratory science courses or consent of instructor.
Science in relation to diverse world views. A comparative study in the history and philosophy of science and religion.
414A Special Methods in the Teaching of the Natural Sciences. (2)
Prerequisites: EDUC 306 required previously or concurrently; EDUC 310 recommended.
Observation, discussion, and participation are utilized in order to provide prospective teachers a working knowledge of appropriate methods and media for teaching concepts and laboratory techniques and phenomena of the various areas of the natural sciences. (F)
414B Middle Level Science Education. (1)
Prerequisites: Concurrent or prior registration in Natural Sciences 414A
Practical field experience and instruction in the teaching of science at the middle level. (F)
414C Secondary Level Science Education. (1)
Prerequisites: Concurrent or prior registration in Natural Sciences 414A. (1)
Practical field experience and instruction in the teaching of science at the secondary level. (F)
Pre-Medicine and Pre-Dentistry
Students who plan to study medicine or dentistry should complete the Bachelor of Science degree, with a major in biology, chemistry, or mathematics, and they should complete the following courses in order to enhance their chances for acceptance into medical school: BIOL 101, 102, 202, 302, 401; CHEM 101, 102, 107, 331, 332, 341; PHYS 101, 102; MATH 103, 104. ART 323 is recommended for dental school preparation.
Department of Biology
Programs in the Department of Biology are designed to help prepare students for careers in biology teaching, biological specialties, and health related areas. For each of these careers there is a need to understand the explanatory principles of biology and basic methods of biological investigation. Required and elective course work help achieve these objectives.
Students choosing their work in biology may pursue (1) the Bachelor of Science degree with a biology (pre-professional) major, (2) the Bachelor of Science degree with a biology (liberal arts) major, (3) the Bachelor of Science degree with a biology (recombinant gene technology) major or (4) the Bachelor of Science in Education degree.
The pre-professional major is designed for students planning on going to medical school or pursuing a career in another health related area and for individuals interested in molecular biology and/or physiology. The liberal arts major is intended for students who are interested in field-oriented biology, such as natural history, fish and game, national and state parks and refuges, etc., or in other areas with less emphasis on the molecular level. The area of emphasis in recombinant gene technology (RGT) will allow students to gain experience and knowledge in the rapidly growing fields of molecular biology, biotechnology, and genetics. Students successfully completing the program will be prepared for graduate studies in molecular biology and genetics, forensic science, or employment as a research technician.
A minor field in biology is available for students who are majoring in other disciplines.
A student must earn a grade average of 2.00 (C) in all courses required for the major, minor, or any certification option. Other courses taken in the Department will be included in the average.
The Bachelor of Science
The degree of Bachelor of Science, with a major in biology, requires successful completion of 128 semester hours including (1) the Program of General Studies (six hours of foreign language is recommended); (2) one of the biology programs listed on this page; and (3) a program of electives or a minor* as worked out with the student's advisor.
Major in Biology (Liberal Arts)
Major in Biology (Pre-Professional)
Major in Biology (Recombinant Gene Technology)
*Minors recommended for biology majors are those in chemistry, physics, mathematics, computer science, or statistics.
Minor in Biology
BIOL 101, 102, and twelve additional hours in Biology. Geography 300, Psychology 370, Psychology 402, Natural Science 300C or Natural Science 300D may be substituted for three of these hours.
The Bachelor of Science in Education
The degree of Bachelor of Science in Education, with certification to teach biology, requires successful completion of 128 semester hours, including (1) the Program of General Studies; (2) the Professional Semester for the certificate chosen; and (3) the requirements associated with the following certificate.
Certificate for Grades 9-Adult (pages 81-82). Students with a field in Biological Sciences 9-Adult are encouraged to complete a teaching field in General Science.
Biology Courses (BIOL)
101
Cellular metabolism; structures and functions of of cells; anatomy and physiology of humans including other animals and plants; characteristics of scientific thought. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory. (F)
102 General Biology II. (4)
Prerequisite: BIOL 101 recommended but not required.
Mitosis, meiosis, transcription, translation; basic genetics; evolution; ecology. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory. (S)
201 Ecology and Field Methods. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101 and 102, Math 103 (or equivalent) previously or concurrently.
Taxonomy, ecological principles, major terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, fundamentals of human ecology, quantitative field study techniques. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory. This course cannot be used to fulfill a General Studies requirement. (F)
202 Animals as Organisms. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101 and ... CHEM 101.
Form, function, behavior, development, and classification in the major animal groups. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory. (S)
205 Tropical and Marine Biology. (2)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101 and/or 102 and permission of instructor.
Introduction to tropical marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Will include a one- to two- week field study.
215 Medicinal Plants and Ethnobotany. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101, 102, or consent of instructor.
The use of plants as medicines, poisons, and hallucinogens which provide the basis for modern medicine and pharmacology. Examines the interactions of plants and traditional peoples. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory.
220 Biology and Cultures of
Prerequisites: BIOL 101 and/or 102 and permission of instructor.
A comprehensive study of
225 Special Topics. (1-5)
Prerequisites: To be specified by instructor.
Courses in diverse areas of biology. Specific topics to be announced; these indicated by appropriate title on student transcript. May be taken for credit repeatedly.
230 Ornithology. (3)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101, 102, or consent of instructor.
Anatomy, taxonomy, evolution, biogeography, flight, migration, behavior, reproduction, and field identification of birds. Two hours lecture and two hours laboratory.
231 Herpetology. (3)
Prerequisite: BIOL 101, 102, or consent of instructor.
Anatomy, taxonomy, evolution, life history, biogeography, physiology, and identification of amphibians and reptiles. Two hours lecture, two hours laboratory.
234 Human Anatomy and
Prerequisites: BIOL 101 and 102. Not open to biology majors; cannot be used to satisfy requirements in biology program
Structure and function of cells and tissues. Anatomy and physiology of the human integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, and cardiovascular systems. Relationship of homeostasis to health. Laboratory includes applied physiology exercises as well as essential macroscopic and microscopic anatomy. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory.
235 Human Anatomy and
Prerequisites: BIOL 101 and 102. Open to biology majors only.
Structure and function of cells and tissues. Anatomy and physiology of the human integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, and cardiovascular systems. Relationship of homeostasis to health. Laboratory includes detailed study of macrosopic and microscopic anatomy as well as physiology activities and case studies. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory.
236 Human Anatomy and Physiology II. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101 and 102. BIOL 234 recommended but not required. Not open to biology majors; cannot be used to satisfy requirements in biology program.
Anatomy and physiology of the human respiratory, lymphatic, immune, endocrine, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems. Relationship of homeostasis to health. Laboratory includes applied physiology exercises as well as essential macroscopic and microscopic anatomy. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory.
237 Human Anatomy and Physiology II. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101 and 102. BIOL 235 recommended but not required. Open to biology majors only.
Anatomy and physiology of the human respiratory, lymphatic, immune, endocrine, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems. Relationship of homeostasis to health. Laboratory includes detailed study of macroscopic and microscopic anatomy as well as physiology activities and case studies. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory.
240 Parasitology. (4)
Prerequisite: BIOL 101.
General principles of parasitology, including morphology and life histories of animal parasites. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory.
245 Entomology. (3)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101, 102, or consent of instructor.
Biology of insects, including morphology, physiology, behavior, ecology, and classification. Two hours lecture, two hours laboratory.
260 Local Flora. (3)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101, 102, or consent of instructor
Principles of identifying, classifying, naming, and preserving plants, with emphasis on the local flora. Two hours lecture, three hours laboratory.
301 Plants as Organisms. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101, 102, CHEM 101, 102, Junior standing or higher
Form and function in the major plant groups, with emphasis on evolutionary trends. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory. (F)
302 Cell and Molecular Biology. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101, CHEM 101, 102 and 107, 331 or junior standing.
Biology, chemistry, and physics of living systems at the cellular and molecular levels. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory. (S)
330 Microbiology. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101, CHEM 102, 107; CHEM 331 recommended.
The biology of micro-organisms and of the immune system, applied microbiology, laboratory procedures. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory. (F)
355 Histology. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101and CHEM 101; BIOL 102 recommended.
A detailed study of the tissues of vertebrate animals, with emphasis on functional anatomy and tissue preparation. Recommended for students planning a career in medicine or medical technology. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory.
360 Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy. (4)
Prerequisite: BIOL 202 or consent of instructor.
Anatomy of the chordates as related to evolution and function. Two hours lecture, three hours laboratory.
365 Developmental Biology. (3)
Prerequisite: BIOL 202, 302 (concurrent or prior registration)
Morphogenesis and molecular mechanisms in animal development; laboratory includes both invertebrate and vertebrate embryology. Two hours lecture, two hours laboratory.
370 Evolution. (3)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101 and 102; BIOL 401 recommended .
Modern theories of chemical and organic evolution: evidence, processes, results. Philosophical, religious, and educational implications. (S)
372 Introduction to Research. (3)
Prerequisites: BIOL 201 and Junior standing.
The nature of science and scientific research, research design, analysis of research reports, philosophy and ethics of scientific investigations. (S)
373 Research. (3)
Prerequisite: BIOL 372 or consent of Department Chairperson.
This course is the first part of a two-semester research project providing experience in searching out and reviewing pertinent literature, preparing a research proposal, doing the research, and presenting both oral and written research reports, the latter subject to rigorous editing. Publication of the results of outstanding projects is encouraged. A grade for this course is not given until completion of BIOL 374. (F,S)
374 Research. (3)
Completion of work begun in BIOL 373. (F,S)
401 Genetics. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101, 302, or consent of instructor; BIOL 102 recommended; CHEM 331
Mendelian, cytological, microbial, molecular, and population genetics. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory. (F)
410 Neurobiology. (4)
Perquisites: BIOL 101, 102, 302 (prior or concurrent registration).
Organization of the nervous system, neural signaling, sensory and motor systems, neural basis of behavior, development, learning and memory. Laboratory exercises include neuroanatomy studies and neurophysiology experiments. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory.
420 Immunology. (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 101, BIOL 302, CHEM 331 recommended, or consent of instructor.
Immunochemistry of antigens and antibodies, serological reactions, chemistry of complement, control of immunity, and the host immune response. Lab will consist of serological and immunobiological techniques. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory.
425 Special Topics. (1-5)
Prerequisites: To be specified by instructor.
Courses in diverse areas of biology. Specific topics to be announced; these indicated by appropriate title on student transcript. May be taken for credit repeatedly.
430 Recombinant Gene Technology (4)
Prerequisites: BIOL 302, CHEM 331, 332, PHYS 101, 102
Emphasis is placed on the experimental approach to many different techniques of molecular biology. Techniques include: DNA isolation, cloning, sequencing, nucleic acid and protein hybridizations, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and expression and detection of recombinant proteins. Application of these techniques in areas of genetics, cell biology, medicine, and biochemistry will also be discussed. The course is set up to allow the student to design a research project where they will use the techniques to better understand a gene. Two hours lecture, six hours laboratory.
450-451 Biology Seminar. (1,1)
Prerequisite: Junior or senior standing. Either course may be taken first.
Detailed reports on specific topics in Biology and related fields. Emphasis on justification of assertions. Topics that involve controversy help illuminate the nature of science. In each semester of enrollment, each student will present one seminar and lead the discussion. Some seminars by guest speakers. Visitors are welcome. (Both courses can be repeated for credit.)
480-481 Honors Courses. (3,3)
Juniors and seniors who qualify for Honors Courses are offered the opportunity to study with individual members of the faculty. This is specialized study apart from conventional classroom work. Interested students should contact the Department Chairperson for further information. (F,S)
Department of Mathematics
Programs offered by the Department of Mathematics are designed to prepare students for mathematics and/or computer science related vocations - including the teaching of mathematics and computer science. The programs also prepare the student for continuing study in these subject areas beyond the undergraduate level.
The Department of Mathematics offers the following options: (I) the Bachelor of Science degree program with (a) a Comprehensive Mathematics major, (b) a Computer Science major, and (c) a Mathematics major with a minor; (II) the Computer Information Systems degree program; and (III) the Bachelor of Science in Education degree program with certification specializations for (a) grades 5-9 and (b) grades 5-Adult. Student programs are planned in consultation with an advisor from the Department of Mathematics.
Minors for non-education degree programs are offered in Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science. Formal recognition is given to students who successfully supplement a degree program with an emphasis in Pre-Actuarial Science or Biometrics.
Students may not enroll in a mathematics course unless a minimum score of 19 is earned on the mathematics section of the Enhanced ACT test, or a minimum score of 460 on the quantitative portion of the PRSAT test, or sufficient scores on the numerical test and elementary algebra test of the ASSET test. Students not meeting these minimal requirements must successfully complete the developmental program consisting of MATH 090 and/or 091.
Students electing one of the programs of this Department must have at least one unit in high school geometry. A deficiency in high school geometry may be removed by successful completion of MATH 200, Introductory Geometry.
An overall grade point average of 2.00 (C) or higher in all required courses is needed for successful completion of any of the programs, including minors, or "areas of emphasis" except certifications which require a 2.50, of this Department. For non-educational programs, grades obtained in MATH 101, 110, 305, and 414 cannot be used to meet this minimal 2.00 grade point average requirement. Non-education majors are required to take an assessment test in their field during the senior year.
The Bachelor of Science
The degree of Bachelor of Science, with a major in mathematics, requires successful completion of 128 semester hours, including (1) the Program of General Studies (pages 27-29) which must include six hours of one foreign language; (2) one of the mathematics programs listed below; (3) a minor (where required); and (4) a program of electives.
Majors in Mathematics
Comprehensive Mathematics - 52-57 hours*
MATH 103, 104, 201, 220, 250, 251, 252, 303, 307, 309, 310, 320, 451; six other hours from 202 and above excluding 305, 414, 490 and 491; nine other hours selected from 403, 404, 452, 460, 470, and, with consent of chairman, 420. Recommended: eight hours of physics; six other hours of computer programming.
Computer Science/Mathematics - 60-65 hours*
MATH 103, 104, 201, 202, 215, 220, 240, 250, 251, 252, 271, 307, 320, 355, 356, 361, 362, 410, 445, 460; PHYS 319. Recommended: six hours of statistics. (Note: PHYS 101 and 102 or consent of instructor is required for PHYS 319.)
Mathematics - 37-42 hours*
MATH 103, 104, 201, 250, 251, 252, 303, 307, 309, 310, 320, 451; three hours from 403, 404, 452, 460, 470, and, with consent of chairman, 420. Recommended: eight hours of physics and three additional hours of computer programming.
(Note: a minor is required - computer science and statistics are acceptable options.)